Marine climate and fisheries scenario of Tamil Nadu Climcard-

Divipala, Indira

Geetha, R

Guptha, K S

Kizhakudan, Shoba Joe

Shanthi, M

Yousuf, K S S M

Zacharia, P U

CMFRI Digital Repository

Position: 8°5“-13°35” N; 76°15”-80°20” ETotal area: 130,058 km2; Coastline: 1076 kmPeninsular tip: confluence of Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, Arabian SeaThree distinct coastal ecosystems: Coromandel coast, Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar Important Critical Marine Habitats: Pulicat lake, Pichavaram mangroves, Muthupet lagoon and coral reefs and segrass beds of Gulf of Mannar and Palk bay Marine climate and fisheries scenario of Tamil naduTamil NaduNational Innovations on Climate Resilient AgricultureIndian Council of Agricultural Research CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTEwww.cmfri.org.inCoastal vulnerabilityCoastal vulnerability is on the rise in Tamil Nadu primarily due to -  Low-lying coastal zones  Intense coastal erosion  Densely populated coastlands  Pollutant discharge into sea  Extreme climate events  Overfishing Use of large amounts of fuels in fisheries causes considerable emission of greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide emission in Chennai Fishing Harbour during 2012-13 was 64000 t CO2 (about 2 t CO2 per tonne of fish caught).   Proper implementation of existing management measures  Introducing and mainstreaming climate change into Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM)  Addressing small-scale fisheries and gender issues   Reducing greenhouse gas emission by the fishing sector by following norms  Raising awareness and preparedness among coastal populationCarbon footprintAdaptation optionsPrepared by: Shoba Joe Kizhakudan, R. Geetha. Indira Divipala, K.S.S.M. Yusuf,  M. Shanthi, K.S. Guptha, P.U. ZachariaFor more information, please contactDIRECTORCentral Marine Fisheries Research Institute(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)P.O. Box No. 1603, Ernakulam North P.O, Kochi 682018, Kerala, IndiaHigh vulnerability of Ramanathapuram, Tuticorin, Nagapattinam and Cuddalore districtsClimcard-1The marine climate The marine ecosystems The marine fishery  Among the warmest coastal water stretch in India, with summer maxima >30°C.  Monsoon pattern differs from rest of India; copious rainfall during north-east monsoon.  Anomaly in rainfall intensity increasing.  Coastal areas regularly hit by cyclones and depression during monsoon  Ranks second in marine fish production in the country   Landings in 2014: 6.44 lakh t   Four fold increase in landings in last 30 yearsPhenological changes – shift in spawning season of fishesOver time the availability of spawning fishes along the north Tamil Nadu coast indicate gradual shift in their spawning seasons.Indian oil sardine showed a gradual shift from January-March during 1977-’78 to June in 2011-12. There is perceptible rise in SST from 1906 to 2014. Increase in SST is pronounced off Kanyakumari. Rise in temperature affects other ocean parameters like salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and productivity. Changing marine climate will impact marine ecosystems, biodiversity and marine fishery. Rich biodiversity.Exploited fish species: Coromandel coast: 750, Palk Bay: 462, Gulf of Mannar: 657Human interferences:Overexploitation, fishing down food web, pollution, habitat degradation and transboundary issues along Palk Bay are causes for concern.31.7°C in 2099 (A2 scenario)28.75°C  in 201427.52°C in 1906Pulicat lakePichavaram mangrovesMuthupet lagoon and Vedaranyam swampGOM/Palk BayChanges in environmental conditions influence spatial distribution of marine fishes, and cause phenological changes and changes in fish production.Spurt in oil sardine fishery and increase in catch of mackerel along the Tamil Nadu coast coincides with increasing SST and changing oceanographic conditions. Shift in spawning season of threadfin breams towards cooler months off Chennai: will have changes in months of recruitmentGulf of Mannar reef ecosystem will experience annual or biannual bleaching events in the next 30-50 years. Reef building corals may lose dominance between 2050 and 2070 in this ecosystem. Marine macrophytes in PB & GoM have the potential to utilize 9,052 t CO2/ day

Marine climate and fisheries scenario of Tamil Nadu Climcard-1

http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/10547/1/climcard%201.pdf

Marine climate and fisheries scenario of Tamil Nadu Climcard-1

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