The data for the third quarter of 1978 is presented in this paper. The statewise and monthwise details of catch during the months of the quarter and the total catch of prawns for the quarter are summarized. Gearwise analysis of the catch, show that the prawn catch by shrimp trawlers increased from that of the previous quarter. In Kerala the trend of more prawn catch when the environmental features registered decrease in values noticed towards the end of last quarter continued in this quarter. In Kerala the trend of more prawn catch when the environmental features registered decrease in values noticed towards the end of last quarter continued in this quarter

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No.7March 1979SYNOPSIS OF MARINE PRAWN FISHERY OF INDIA FOR THE THIRD QUARTER OF 1978* Data on marine prawn fishery for the first two quarters of 1978 were given in earlier issues of the Marine Fisheries Information Service, Technical and Extension Series. In continuation, the data for the third quarter of 1978 is presented below. Total Catch The statewise and monthwise details of catch during the months of the quarter and the total catch of prawns** for the quarter are shown in figures 1 and 2 and tables 1 and 2. The total catch of prawns was 53,853 tonnes, of which the major portion of 51,146 toimes (94.9%) was contributed by penaeid prawns and only 2,707 tonnes (5.1 %) by non-penaeid prawns. Com-pared to the previous quarter the total catch in this quarter was 13,3091. more, mostly brought about by the penaeid prawn landings from Kerala (table 1). In comparison to the catch of the same quarter of last year the catch in this quarter was higher by 12,701 t. (table 3). This is the cumulative effect of increased catch in penaeid prawns in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra (table 4). Unlike in first and second quarter of this year, but similar to the third quarter of last year, Kerala State contributed 51.0% of the total catch of the quarter, with a production of 27,489 t., of which only 186 t. belonged to non-penaeid prawns. Although the fishing activi-ties remained low in most of the centres due to the mon-soon, the trawl fishery was very active at Neendakara. This has resulted in more than two fold increase in pro-duction in the State. The contribution of Maharashtra State to the total catch of the quarter was only 20.5%, mostly contributed by penaeid prawns, as against the larger quantities of non-penaeid prawns landed in this State during the two previous quarters. Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh contributing 10.4% and 10.2% to the total catch respectively, showed conspicuously higher catch in comparison to the previous quarter. Especially in Andhra Pradesh the catch has picked up considerably during the quarter. Karnataka State showed better catch when compared to the same quarter of previous year, but only slight improvement from the catch of second quarter. This is mostly due to heavy catch of prawns of species Metapenaeus dobsoni in August landed by shore seines (Kairampani) at Hejmadi and Padubidri centres. Analysis of the data for the quarter on a monthly basis show that 42.1 % of the catch was during July, nearly three fourth of which being from Kerala. In August and September the percentage of the catch was 27.7 and 30.2 respectively. In Kerala, out of a total of 27,489 t , July showed the maximum of 17,213 t. with regular decrease to 7,146 t. in August and 3,130 t. in September. In Maharashtra, on the other hand, the catch, remaining almost stationary in July and August, almost doubled in September, reaching 5,404 t. and brought about by increased catch of penaeid prawns. Both Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu register regular increase in the catch from July onwards, showing the maximum of 2,984 t. and 2,653 t. respectively in September. August shows the maximum catch in Karnataka. Gearwise analysis of the catch, show that the prawn catch by shrimp trawlers increased from that of the previous quarter. Out of a total catch of 53,853 t. of the quarter, 36,368 t (67.5%) were caught in trawl nets • Prepared by the members of Crustacean Fishery Resources team. * * The catch figures are provisional. Table 1. Prawn landings September 1978 in different maritime states from July to Table 3. Statewise prawn landings and percentage for the third quarter of 1917 and 1978 Maritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa West Bengal ALL INDIA TOTAL Monthwise percentage July 40 2,866 2 42 17,213 1,410 8 1,014 91 — 22,686 42.1 Prawn catch in August 56 2,726 11 1,884 7,146 1,562 10 1,473 51 — 14,919 27.7 Sept-ember 1,712 5,404 8 254 3,130 2,653 4 2,984 81 18 16,248 30.2 tonnes Total for III Qr. 1,808 10,996 21 2,180 27,489 5,625 22 5,471 223 18 53.853 Total for UQr. 1,039 21,642 316 2,146 11,745 2,543 145 817 75 76 40,544 Maritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa West Bengal ALL INDIA TOTAL Prawn landings in tonnes 1977 1978 2,456 7,554 276 570 25,533 1,314 45 3,181 89 134 41,152 1,808 10,996 21 2,180 27,489 5,625 22 5,471 223 18 53,853 Precentage 1977 1978 6.0 18.4 0.7 1.4 62.0 3.2 0.1 7.7 0.2 0.3 100.0 3.4 20.5 . 4.0 51.0 10.4 — 10.2 0.4 99.9 Table 2. Statewise penaeid and non-penaeid prawn catch from July to September 1978 Maritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamilnadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa West Bengal ALL INDIA TOTAL Monthwise percentage Penaeid 19 2,240 2 42 17,079 1,041 8 782 85 — 21,298 41.6 July Non-penaeid 21 626 — — 134 369 — 232 6 — 1,388 51.3 Landings in tonnes August Penaeid Non-penaeid 27 29 2,277 449 11 — 1.872 12 7,094 52 1.518 44 10 — 1,417 56 51 — — — 14,277 642 27.9 23.7 September Penaeid Non-penaeid 1,624 88 4,958 446 8 — 254 — 3,130 — 2,619 34 4 — 2.881 103 75 6 18 — 15,571 677 30.5 25.0 Total for III Qr. Penaeid 1,670 9,475 21 2,168 27,303 5,178 22 5,080 211 18 51,146 100.0 Non-penaeid 138 1.521 — 12 186 447 — 391 12 — 2,707 100.0 operated by trawlers of length upto 13m. The per-centage contributions of trawl net catch was 83.1, 73.2 and 40.5 in July, August and September respectively (Table 5), showing a regular decrease from July on-wards. In Kerala when the catch was at the maximum in July, out of 17,213 t , trawl nets landed 16,119 t , mostly at Neendakara centre. Tamil Nadu and Maha-rashtra showed regular increase from July onwards in the percentage of catch by trawlers. In Andhra Pradesh a slight decrease in the trawl catch is seen from August to September. In Karnataka while there is no catch by trawlers in both July and August, almost the entire catch in September is from trawl nets. Table 4. Statewise penaeid and non-penaeid prawn landings and their percentage for the third quarter of 1977 and 1976 Maritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa West Bengal ALL INDIA TOTAL Table 5. Maritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa West Bengal Penaeid 2,326 3,576 276 570 25,493 1,293 45 1,179 87 115 34,960 % 6.7 10.2 0.8 1.6 72.9 3.7 0.1 3.5 0.2 0.3 100.0 1977 Landings in Non-penaeid 1 30 3,978 — — 40 21 — 2,002 2 19 6,192 1 : tonnes and percentage % 2.1 54.3 — — 0.7 0.3 — 32.3 — 0.3 100.0 Landings by commercial shrimp trawlers in relation to the total ALL INDIA TOTAL Monthly Percentage July Total prawn catch 40 2,866 2 42 17,213 1,410 8 1,014 91 — 22,686 Prawn catch by trawlers — 1,915 1 — 16,119 656 7 163 — — 18,861 83.1 Landings in August Total prawn catch 56 2,726 11 1,884 7,146 1,562 10 1,473 51 — 14,919 Prawn catch by trawlers — 2,149 5 — 6,856 1,282 4 624 — — 10,920 73.2 Penaeid 1,670 9,475 21 2,168 27,303 5,178 22 5,080 211 18 51,146 1978 % 3.3 18.6 — 4.2 53.4 10.1 — 9.9 0.4 — 99.9 Non-penaeid 138 1,521 — 12 186 447 — 391 12 — 2.707 prawn catch during July-September, 1978. 1 tonnes September Total prawn catch 1,712 5,404 8 254 3,130 2,653 4 2,984 81 18 16,248 Prawn catch by trawlers 333 2,892 7 248 254 2,397 4 452 — — 6.587 40.5 Total for III Qr. Total prawn catch 1,808 10,996 21 2,180 27,489 5,625 22 5,471 223 18 53,853 Prawn catch by trawlers 333 6,956 13 248 23,229 4,335 15 1,239 — — 36,368 67.5 % 5.1 56.2 — 0.4 6.9 16.5 — 14.5 0.4 — 100.0 State-wise % 0.9 19.1 — 0.7 63.9 11.9 — 3.4 — — — species composition and other biological aspects at selected centres Cochin (Fig. 3) The total catch figure at Cochin and Neenda-kara (combined) amounted to 23,169 t. showing a marked improvement over the total landings of previous quarter and the corresponding quarter of the previous year with a peak landing of 16,068 t. during the month of July. However, the landing pertaining to Cochin alone was very poor with a total catch of 50.9 t. of July. The rate of catch per unit of effort decreased from 86.0 kg of July to 3.0 kg in September as against the rates of 8.3 kg of April and 21.2 kg of June of previous quarter and 21.5 kg, 42.3 kg and 45.4 kg of July, August and September respectively of the corres-ponding quarter of previous year. Parapenaeopsis stylifera was the dominating species in the catch with sizes ranging between 65-89 mm in males and 58-97 mm in females. Metapenaeus dobsoni and Penaeus indicus were next in order of abundance in the catch. Calicut (Fig. 3) The trawl fishery had not commenced after the south west monsoon. The indigenous fishery showed an improvement when compared to that of the Fig. 1. Penaeid and non-penaeid prawn landings and environmental parameters of the sea in different maritime states during July-September, 1978. previous quarter with the total monthly catches of 4.5 t, 0.47 t and 0.6 t in July, August and September respecti-vely. Catch per unit of effort decreased from 5.2 kg of July to 2.3 kg of September. P. stylifera was the dominating species in the catch forming nearly 98 and 96% during July and August respectively with sizes ranging between 71 to 120 mm and modal sizes at 88 mm and 108 mm. During September the fishery was con-stituted only by P. indicus with sizes ranging between 116 and 195 mm. The modes were at 153 mm. The C/U, which was at 5.3 kg in July declined to OA kg in August and again showed an increase to 2.4 kg in September. Mangalore (Fig. 4) There was no trawl fishery at Mangalore during July and August 1978 as in the previous year. But, in September, the catch was better than that of the same quarter of previous year. The prawn fishery by indige-nous crafts and gears was existing during the monsoon period, July and August. The total landings were better during the present year than the previous year. There was no prawn landings by indigenous gear in September of this year although the fishery extended to the third month of the quarter in the previous year. M. dobsoni was the dominant species in both the years. STATE-WISE CATCH TREND 4 EFFORT FOR THE THIRD QUARTER 1978 CATCH IN lOqO TONNtS EFFORT - TRAVI^ LER TRIPS IN lOflOO NOS Fig. 2. Prawn landings by commercial shrimp trawlers in relation to the total prawn catch and the fishing eS"ort during July-September, 1978. The modal size of M. dobsoni was 86-121 mm. While the size of P. indicus ranged from 121 to 185 mm, the mode was at 121-166 mm. The percentage of mature females of M. dobsoni in September was 37.2 while in P. indicus the percentages were 41.1 and 21.4 during July and September respectively. Karwar (Fig. 4) In September, there was no prawn catch although some shore seines were in operation during this month. The catch was better during this quarter, than that of the corresponding quarter of previous year, only in the month of July. Out of the two species represented in the catches P. stylifera was dominating in both July and August. The size ranges in P. stylifera and P. mergui-ensis were 56-110 mm and 65-170 mm respectively with modes at 81-100 mm and 91-115 mm. Bombay (Fig. 5) With an estimated catch of 953 t. the prawn pro-duction at this centre showed a decline to the tune of 20% from the previous quarter's catch on account of lesser fishing input due to monsoon conditions. Penaeid prawns, chiefly constituted by Metapenaeus affinis (35 %), Parapenaeopsis stylifera (30 %)and M. monoceros (25 %) accounted for 68 % of the total landings with a steady SPECIES COMPOSITION & SIZE DISTRIBUTION 120 IJ? 2 3 AUGUST SIZE RANGE LANDINGS AT CALICUT CALICUT 195 SEPTEMBER lomm - MAJOR SIZE GROUP COCHIN 97 COCHIN NEENDAKARA^ LANDINGS AT NEENDAKARA 1. P.STYLIFERA 2 M.DOBSONI J A S 3-P. INDICUS Fig. 3. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Cochin, Neendakara and Calicut. increasing trend over the months. The major size groups exploited were 141-145 mm for M. affinis and 66-100 mm for P. stylifera. The non-penaeid prawns, which dominated the fishery during the previous quarter, were only secondary (32 %), with Acetes indicus as the chief constituent in July (70%) and September (62 %) and Palaemon tenuipes (76%) in August. Hippolysmata en-sirostris supported a minor fishery throughout this quarter. The catches of these prawns were mostly ob-tained in dol nets showing a gradual decreasing trend from July. Veraval During this quarter there was no prawn fishery at this centre due to monsoon weather. Tuticorin (Fig. 6) The total prawn catch and catch per unit effort were better during this quarter than those of the previous quarter and corresponding quarter of previous year. The major species constituting the catch were P. indicus SPECIES COMPOSITION & SIZE DISTRIBUTION 170 80 60 40 20 r KARWAR 135 ^ ;^^1 65 I 2 AUGUST n m ^ 1 3 6 3 4 SEP L LANDINGS 130 MANGALORE 1 CAST NET ? TRAWL NET 86 uj z z 65 e 1 r z 5 60 40 20 UJ :g 21 X ix 59 15 < zK i3 ^6 MATURITY DISTRIBUTION AT MANGALORE SPECIES M DOBSONI P INDICUS PERCENTAGE OF MATURE FEMALE!; JULY 41.1 SEPT 372 21.4 1. P STYLIFERA. 2.P MERGUIENSIS. 3.M DOBSONI. 4.R INDICUS Fig. 4. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Mangalore and Karwar. and P. semisulcatus in the order of abundance. The catch declined a little from July to September. The dominant sizes of P. indicus increased from 153-158 mm in July to 158-188 mm in September. In P. semisul-catus the sizes 138-148, 143-173 and 153-188 mm were dominating in the catches of July, August and September. The percentages of mature females of P. indicus ranged from 20.7 in August to 67.3 in September. About 25 % of the females of P. semisulcatus were mature during this period. Mandapam (Fig. 6) During July 1978 the quantity of prawns landed was less than that of the corresponding month of the previous year. In the other months, the catch increased steadily. The catch per unit effort was also less in July and higher in August and September, although the landings of August of previous year was bettor than that of the same month of this year. The dominant size of P- semisulcatus which forms the majority of catch was higher in August (123-173 mm) than in September (103-133 mm). Simi-larly, percentage of mature females was higher in August (56%) than in September (28.1%). Madras (Fig. 6) Prawn landings during the quarter was better than that of previous quarter and corresponding quarter of previous year. The same was the case with the catch SPECIES COMPOSITION iSIZEDlSTRIBUTlON AT BOMBAY 80 60 40 20 0 NON-PENAEID PRAWNS PENAEID PRAWNS IIS LANDINGS SEPT LANDINGS in g I -8 z I OL \ / 170 - 150 COMPOSITION OF PENAEIO & NON-PENAEID PRAWNS IN TOTAL PRAWN CATCH FOR III QR 1978 BOMBAY 130 IP THNUIPES.2.A.INDICU$.3 H.ENSIR0STRIS,4.M.AFFINIS,5.M.M0N0CER0S>6.P STYLIFERA.7 OTHERS Fig. 5. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Bombay. per unit effort. The major species comprising the catches were P. indicus, M. dobsoni, P. monodon, P. semisulcatus, M. monoceros and M. qffinis, in the order of abundance except in September when M. dobsoni was dominating in the catches. Kakinada (Fig. 7) At this centre the non-penaeid prawn fishery was a failure during the quarter. The total landings of penaeid prawns showed a decline over the catch figure of previous quarter and of the corresponding quarter of previous year. During July and September M. mono-ceros was dominating in the catch, with sizes ranging between 90-190 mm, with modes at 128 mm, 73 mm and 83 mm for males and 133 mm, 153 mm, and 168 mm for females. In August M. brevicomis was the major species in the catch. Waltair (Fig. 7) As compared to the corresponding quarter of pre-vious year and previous quarter of the same year con-siderable increase in catch amounting to 57.4, 101.9 and 132.91. during July, August and September respectively has been observed at this centre. The catch per unit of effort increased from 2.7 kg of July to 5.4 kg in September. P. indicus was the dominating species in the catch during MATURITY DISTRIBUTION TUTICORIN SPECIES P INDICUS P SEMISUUDATUS PERCENTAGE OF MATURE FEMALES JUL 28 3 Z^ 7 AUG 20 7 2 J 3 SEP 675 25 3 MANDAPAM SPECIES P INDICUS P SEMlSUUiATUS PERCENTAGE OF MATURE FEMALES JUL AUG 56 0 SEP 28 1 SPEC'ES COMPOSITION AT MADRAS 40 I 2 3 i 4 6 7 JUL 185 fOOl 80 6 0 5 40 20 1^ SPECIES COMPOSITION I I SIZE DISTRIBUTION AT TUTICORIN MADRAS 205 205 21O4 21O I I 116 •-••"1=^  131 : 4 7 8 JULY 195 I 1 2 6 • • • • 1 — 1 ' " " I 131 * ^ I 40 20-0 . 40 ^ 20 z 2 OL 5 160 X o 20 . 0 MANDAPAM SPECIES COMPOSITION k SIZE DISTRIBUTION AT M A N D A P A M 185 106 120 80 40-4 7 8 AUGUST •m TUTICORIN 19 Z X o '< 20 -10 100 80 60 40 20 4 7 8 SEPTEMBER 175 I 71 2 5 7 AUG 2 5 7 7 P sl^lSULCATUS l.M.D0BS0NI,2.M.AFFINIS,3.M.M0N0CER0S,4.P-INPICUSv5.PMERGUIENSIS,6.RM0N0D0N,8.arHERS Fig. 6. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Tuticorin, Mandapam and Madras. 9 July and August and M. monoceros formed major catch in the month of September. Purl (Fig. 7) The landings in July and August were very poor and in September there was a total catch of 10.5 t. A similar trend in fishery has been observed in the previous quarter also. P. merguiensis dominated the fishery through-out the quarter. Environmental parameters (Fig. 1) Along the west coast, in general the salinity and temperature values were less due to the monsoon con-ditions during the quarter. But in Tamil Nadu and Andra Pradesh coasts these values did not show great diiferences from the previous quarters, although slightly less. Dissolved oxygen also show a similar trend in the two coastal zones. In Kerala the trend of more prawn catch when the environmental features registered decrease in values noticed towards the end of last quarter continued in this quarter. Slight decrease in values of the environ-mental features coinciding with increase in prawn catch was noticed in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh also as noticed in last quarter. SPECIES COMPOSITION 4. SIZE DISTP,IBUTlON OF PENAEIO PRAWNS I i I 2 r lO 8 6 4 -2 0 PURI J n A WALTAIR 52 ISO I 120 ° 90 X ' ° o 30 < 0 SO 3 ^ 2 r 1% KAKINADA 150 120 90 60 30 0 1.M.00BS0NI 2.M.AFFINIS 5 6 JULY 7 8 9 10 3- M.MONOCEROS 'I.M.BREVICORNIS 6 7 8 9 5.P. INDICUS 1 2 3 4 7.P.MON0D0N flB«,^ 'r illU 6.P. MERGUIENSIS &.P.STYLIFERA 5 6 7 8 9 10 SEPT 9.SOUENOCERACRASSCORNIS 10. OTHERS Fig. 7. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Kakinada, Waltair and Puri. 10 

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India for the third quarter of 1978

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Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India for the third quarter of 1978

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