In continuation of the data on marine prawn fishery for the first quarter of 1978 presented in the September issue of the Marine Fisheries Information Service, Technical and Extension Series, the data for the second quarter of 1978 has been analysed

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No.4December 1978SYNOPSIS OF MARINE PRAWN FISHERY OF INDIA FOR THE SECOND QUARTER OF 1978* In continuation of the data on marine prawn fishery for the first quarter of 1978 presented in the September issue of the Marine Fisheries Information Service, Tech-nical and Extension Series, the data for the second quarter of 1978 has been analysed. The results obtained for the second quarter are presented below. Total catch The total catch of prawns for the quarter and statewise and monthwise details of catch are shown in figures 1 and 2 and tables 1 and 2. The total catch of prawns amounting to 40,544 tonnes, is 7,336 tonnes more than the landings of the first quarter and 5,738 tonnes less than that of the same quarter of previous year. The increase from the previous quarter is mostly brought about by the increased landings from Maharashtra and Kerala states (Table 1). The decrease in the prawn landings from the same quarter of last year is contri-buted mainly by the drastic reduction in the landings from Maharashtra (Table 3), especially the landings of non-penaeid prawns of this state which shows a redu-ction of nearly 12,600 t. in these prawns in this quarter (Table 4). Out of the total 40,544 t. prawn catch of the quarter, 25,261 t. (62.3%) are con-tributed by penaeid prawns and the rest 15,283 t. (37.7 %) by pon-penaeid prawns. Table 1. Prawn landings in different maritime states from April to June 1978 Maritime Prawn catch in tonnes States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa W. Bengal April 510 6626 225 1812 1624 897 46 216 41 8 May 492 14,380 88 235 4468 499 36 219 7 24 June 37 636 3 99 5653 1147 63 382 27 44 Total for Total for II Qr. 1039 21,642 316 2146 11.745 2543 145 817 75 76 I Qr. 2033 15,678 613 3518 5193 4392 73 1474 5 229 ALL INDIA TOTAL 12,005 20,448 8,091 40,544 33,208 Month-wise percentage 29.6 50.4 20.0 Table 2. State-wise penaeid and non-penaeid prawn catch from April to June 1978 Mjaritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa W. Bengal Penaeid 275 2965 225 1812 1575 892 41 166 41 8 April Non-penaeid 235 3661 — — 49 5 5 50 — — Penaeid 398 3860 88 235 4449 464 36 217 7 22 Landing in May Non-penaeid 94 10,520 — — 19 35 — 2 —-2 tonnes June Penaeid 8 278 3 99 5636 1077 30 287 27 40 Non-penaeid 29 358 — — 17 70 33 95 — 4 Total for II Qr. Penaeid 681 7103 316 2146 11,660 2433 107 670 75 70 Non-penaeid 358 14,539 , — — 85 110 38 147 — 6 ALL INDIA TOTAL Month-wise Percentage 8000 31.7 4405 26.2 9776 38.7 10,672 69.8 7485 29.6 606 4.0 25,261 15,283 'Prepared by the members of Crustacean Fishery Resources team. -f The catch figures are provisional. Fig. 1. Penaeid and non-penaeidprawn landings and environmental parameters of the sea in different maritime states during April-June 1978 Monthwise analysis indicate that during the quarter the landings were especially high in May, 50.4% of the catch of the quarter being landed in this month, mostly due to the high landings of Maharashtra. Due to the onset of the monsoon most of the states along the west coast had very low catch in June and that has resulted in the very low total landings in that month. In Maha-rashtra, out of a total of 21,6421., May showed the maximum of 14,380 t. and in June it was only 636 t. While Kerala state showed the maximum of 5653 t. in June and the minimum of 1624 t. in April, Karnataka had the maximum of 1812 t. in April and very insigni-ficant catch of 99 t. in June.Tamil Nadu registered the maximum catch of 1147 t. in June. In Andhra Pradesh also the maximum catch is seen in the month of June. Gujarat showed a regular decline from 510 t. in April to 37 t. in June. Both West Bengal and Pondicherry had maximum catch in June. In Goa the catch was almost nil in June, with the maximum of 225 t. in April. Table 3. State-wise prawn landings and percentage for the second quarter of 1977 and 1978 Maritime States Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orlssa W. Bengal ALL INDIA TOTAL Prawn landings 1977 727 34,657 259 637 4229 1910 35 3640 109 79 46,282 in tonnes 1978 1039 21,642 316 2146 11,745 2543 145 817 75 76 40,544 1977 1.6 74.9 0.5 1.4 9.1 4.1 0.1 7.9 0.2 0.2 100.0 Percentage 1978 2.6 53.4 0.8 5.3 29.0 6.2 0.3 2.0 0.2 0.2 100.0 Table 4. State-wise penaeid and non-penaeid prawn landings and their percentage for the second giufter of 1971 and 1978 Maritime States , Penaeid % Landings in tonnes & Percentage 1977 Non-penaeid % Penaeid 1978 % Non-penaeid % Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa W. Bengal 503 7559 259 637 4170 1785 34 2143 104 48 2.8 43.8 1.5 4.0 24.2 10.2 0.2 12.4 0.6 0.3 224 27,098 — — 59 125 1 1497 5 31 0.8 93.3 — — 0.2 0.4 — 5.2 — 0.1 681 7103 316 2146 11,660 2433 107 670 75 70 2.7 28.1 1.2 8.5 46.2 9.6 0.4 2.7 0.3 0.3 358 14,539 — — 85 110 3i 147 — 6 2.3 95.2 — — 0.6 0.7 0.2 1.0 — — ALL INDIA TOTAL 17,242 100.0 29,040 100.0 25,261 100.0 15,283 100.0 STATE-Wise CATCH TREND • EFrOUT n Or. 1978 ' ( O H M * tm 10,000 »M.t A M J Fig. 2. Prawn landings by commercial shrimp trawlers in relation to the total prawn catch and the fishing effort during April-June 1978, Maharashtra state contributes to 53.4% of the total catch of the quarter, with a production of 21,642 t of which 14,539 t belong to non-penaeid prawns. This amounts to more than 95 % of the total non-penaeid prawn landings, the major portion of which was landed in May (10,520 t). As usual the catch mostly consists of the palaemonid prawn PcAaemon temt^pes and the sergestid shrimp Acetes indicus, Kerala state contri-butes to 29.0% of the prawn landin|pi of the quarter, the catch of the state in the same quarter cS. last year being only 9.1 %. Out of a total of 11,7451. of landings, which is more than double the landings of the previous quarter, 11,660 t. are penaeid prawns. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Gujarat contributing to 6.2%, 5.3%, and 2.6% of the total catch respectively, register higher catch when compared to the same quarter of last year, but lower than the first quarter. In Goa also there is a slight improvement from the same quarter of last year and decrease from previous quarter. In Andhra Pra-desh the landings of prawns are very poor when com-pared to the catch of the same quarter of previous year (Table 3) as well as that of the last quarter. The prawn catch by shrimp trawlers show an in-crease from that of the previous quarter. Out of a total catch of 40,544 t. of the quarter, 21,766 t. (53.7%) have been landed by trawlers of length upto 13m. Gearwise analysis of the data shows that the percentage contri-butions of trawl net catch is 58.7, 38.4 and 84.8% in April, May and June respectively (Table 5). The per-centage of trawl net catch is especially high in June (84.8%) when the total catch is comparatively low. This is mostly due to the onset of the monsoon because of which the indigenous nets are very much less in opera-tion during the month of June. In Kerala out of 11,7451. of total catch during the quarter, 11,148 t. (94.9%) are landed by trawl nets. In Karnataka and Goa also Ihe percentages of trawl net catch are quite high, 99.4% and 98.7 % respectively. In Maharashtra,on the other hand, the percentage contribution of trawl nets is at the minimum of 25.7%, out of 21,642 t. only 5599t. being landed by trawlers. Most of the catch here is contri-buted by dol nets. Shrimp trawl net landings in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh are 67.8% and 38.7% res-pectively. In the overall total catch of shrimp trawl nets of the country during the quarter, Kerala state lands the maximum of 51.2%. Fig. 3. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Cochin, Neendakara and Calicut. Table 5. Landings by commercial shrimp trawlers in relation to the total prawn catch during April-June, 1978. Landings in tonnes Maritime States April May June Total for II Qr. Total Prawn Total Prawn Total Prawn Total Prawn State-prawn catch by prawn catch by prawn catch by prawn catch by wise % catch shrimp catch shrimp catch shrimp catch shrimp trawlers trawlers trawlers trawlers Gujarat Maharashtra Goa Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu Pondicherry Andhra Pradesh Orissa West Bengal 510 6626 225 1812 1624 897 46 216 41 8 171 2617 221 1812 1397 725 105 492 14,380 88 235 4468 499 36 219 7 24 363 2541 88 233 4265 281 89 37 636 3 99 5653 1147 63 382 27 44 441 3 89 5486 717 122 1039 21,642 316 2146 11,745 2543 145 817 75 76 534 5599 312 2J34 11148 1723 316 2.5 25.7 1.4 9.8 51.2 7.9 1.5 ALL INDIA TOTAL 12,005 Monthly Percentage 7048 58.7" 20.448 7860 "^ 38.4 8091 6858 84.8 40,544 21,766 53.7 SPECIES COMPOSITION 8 SIZE DISTRIBUTION 12.0 4S t 2 8 4 8 6 APRIL LM.0OISONI,2.M.AFFINIS. 9.M.M0N0CER08, 4-MATURITY DISTRIBUTION PANAJI species M.OOISONI p. STYLireHA PtRCINTAat OP MATURK FEMALia APRIt M AY JUNI 2S-8 20-S S 9 0 88-T MANGALORE species M.OOISONI M.APPINIS M.MONOCCROS P. STYLireRA p. INDICUS MATURE reHAt-H AMIL 22-9 4 - 8 29-6 87-9 30 0 MAY 28 S 14 8 ero JUNI P. iTYLireRA, 8.PIN0ICUS. «RM0NO0ON, r»MCN«UieNSW. iiiitfiiTiim Fig. 4. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Mat«ahre and Pan^i. Species composition and otiier biological aspects at selected centres Cochin (Fig. 3) The prawn landings at Cochin and Neendakara (combined) showed a steady increaser during the quarter, increasing from 825 t. in April to 5486 t. in June. The catch per unit effort also showed a steady increase from 8.3 kg in April to 21.2 kg in June. Both total landings as well as catch per unit effort are considerably high when compared to the last quarter. Out of 5 spe-cies of prawns represented in the fishery Metapenaeus dobsoni (Poovalan) with prominent sizes in males and females ranging from 76 mm to 100 mm was the domi-nant species in April and May. Parapenaeopsis styli-fera (Karikkaadi) with prominent sizes ranging from 81 mm to 110 mm was second in abundance in April and May. However, in June this species became dominant. Penaeus indicus (Naaran) of larger sizes was the species next in abundance and it maintained a regular increase in the catch from April to June. Among the other two species Metapenaeus affinis (Kazhanthan) was more common than Metapenaeus monoceros (Choodan), of which the catch was negligible in all the three months. In the case of P. stylifera more than 70.0% of the females were mature in all the months. Calicut (Fig. 3) The catch decreased considerably in May and in June there was no fishery. In April P. indicus with modal lengths of 143 mm and 183 mm in males and females respectively contributed to 64.0 % of the catch and P. stylifera was next in abundance with 16.4%. In May P. stylifera was most abundant with prominent sizes ranging from 73 mm to 98 mm. M. dobsoni was second in abundance in that month. All the other species were quite negligible in the catch in May. The predominance of P. indicus in April is quite unusual. SPECIES COMPOSITION 8 SIZE DISTRIBUTION AT B O M B A Y L A N D I N G S 80 NON-PENAEID PRAWNS S ] ^ o ' X (J ^ 1 I 2 3 MAY I PTENUIPES. 2.A. INDICUS, 9. H.ENSIROSTRIS, 4 M AFFINIS. 9. M MONOCEROS, 6. P. STYLIFERA, VERAVAI> PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION IN TOTAL CATCH FOR H On •OMBAY A M g ISO 120 PENAEIO PRAWNS L AN 0 I NG S 40 '*' " 4 9 6 7 ^ ~ T l 0 APRIL —JUNE [^M!3«Hfzii:i3 LANDINOS AT VERAVAL 20 10 A M J io t too i A M 0 S r . S . I N D I C A , e . T . C U R V I R O S T R I S . ». M . 8 T R I D U L A N 8 , 10. OTHERS-Fig. 5. Catch trend and species composition of prawns at Bombay and Veraval. MATURITY TUTICOWM D I S T R I B U T I O N • P t C I t * p. INDICUS P. SCMISULCATUt vis^iryHi APHIk 17 1 141 M V CIO or MLM •lUNC t - 6 l i t MAWPAMM •Pf c u t P S^MItULCATM 5i^c|f.r..|.or. I I PUMkM APmii MAVUUNB M « — I« ' 2 specie• eoMPosiTiON AT MADRAS ryTit?""*. 4 P i e » « COMPOSITION • M Z C AT TyriCORW no WSTmtUTION ,1 540 H m 820 It! 0 *» I I III I mi «• 101 106 ;vJ^ I-;? I S 4 APRIL J! I III 8 4 MAY f 0 . • 0 Sto w40 « u 20 MA0RA8 t S B 8 • 4 8 K C i e 8 COMP08ITION • SIZE DI8TRIBUTI0N (P.8.1 AT , „ MANDAPAM TUTICORIM 8 4 JUNE A M J LANDINGS 0 • u 20S X oi u *• < 20 0 lOOr 80 Ui e ^•0 UI u a: g40 20 0 'M • 6 148 • : > 86 4 APR. 4 MAV t 4 JUNE I 78 I M OOBSONI. 2 .M.ArFINI8, 9.RIN0ICUS. 4 P SEMIBULC ATU8, S. M. MONOCEROS, 6.P MONOOON. Fig. 6. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Tuticorin, Mandapam and Ma^as, Mangalore (Fig. 4) Panaji (Fig. 4) Here also the catch decreased considerably along with catch per unit effort in May and in June there was no fishery. As in previous quarter P. stylifera domi-nated in the catch in this quarter also. The prominent sizes of the species ranged from. 73 mm to 108 mm. M. dobsoni with modal sizes 78-98 mm ranked second in abundance during both April and May. M. affinis with prominent sizes ranging from 103-118 mm was the species next in abundance in both months. Appreciable quantities of M. monoceros and P. indicus were also caught in both months. The prominent sizes of the former species ranged from 118-153 mm and the latter from 128-158 mm. Small quantities of P. monodon wore pr^ent in both April and May. The percentage <rf mature females of all the species was comparatively The catch remained at a level of about 24 tonnes in both April and May, with no fishery in June. The dominance of M. monoceros in the catch noticed in February and March of last quarter continued in April also. However, in May P. styltfera became dominant, the modal sizes of which ranged from 78—98 mm. The percentage of mature females decreased considerably in April with some improvemrait in May. The percent-age contribution of M. dobsoni increased from 10.9% in April to 19.9 % in the next month. The modal sizes of this species ranged from 73 mm to 103 mm. Bombay (Fig. 5) Out of 12IS t. of prawns estimated to be landed at this centre non-penaeid prawns comprising of Acetes indicus, Palaemon tenuipes and Hippolysmata ensirostris formed 62.0% (756 t.) and the rest penaeid prawns. The non-penaeid prawns were caught mostly by dolnets. A. indicus dominated in the fishery in April (75.0%) and P. temipes in May (65.0%) and June (81.0%). The bulk of the penaeid prawn catch was landed by trawlers at Sassoon Dock, the major species being Metapenaeus affinis (35.0%), M. monoceros (25.0%) and Parapena-eopsis stylifera (7.0 %). The size range of M. affinis was 120-150 mm and about 20.0% of the females were with mature ovaries. Veraval (Fig. 5) The prawn catch at Veraval decreased from 24.1 t. in April to 5.7 t. in May, there being no fishery in June. In April 80.0% of the catch (18.9t.) was contributed by penaeid prawns and in May 50.0%. Most of the penaeid prawn catch was constituted by P. stylifera with sizes ranging from 70 mm to 125 mm. Toticorln (Fig. 6) There was a regular decrease in the catch here from 39.3 t. in April to 11.0 t. in June. The dominant spe-cies was P. semisulcatusmth modal sizes of 128-168 mm. P. indicus was next in abundance and the prominent sizes of this species ranged from 128 mm to 158 mm. Although in April 10.3 t. of M. dobsoni was landed, in the next two months the species was present in very small quantities. The percentage of mature females of all the species was very low. Mandapam (Fig. 6) Contrary to the prawn landings at Tuticorin, the landings at this centre showed a regular increase from 12.7 t. in April to 40.5 t. in June with corresponding increase in catch per boat days. While P. semisulcatus was the only species contributing to the fishery in April and May,small quantities of M. affinis were also landed SPECIES COMPOSITION 8 SIZE DISTRIBUTION 'PP OF P E N A E I D P R A W N S AT K A K I N A D A t.M.DOBSONI, a.M.APrWit. 9 M.MONOCeROir w 4 M.BREViCORNIt, B P.tNOICUl, ^ ^ w •. P. MONODON. r. P.STYLIPtRA, • .OTHERS ISO I 80 -:«o 40 {J lO L A N 0 I N 6 S I.PINACIDt.t.NON-nNAIIM ^•/••.iMUllnii I 2 3 4 8 S 7 • JUNE SPECIES COMPOSITION AT WALTAIR L A N D I N G S WALTAIR « ^ 4 0 X o o A PK. 4 • 2 g X J o I' X So PUR! D I Fig. 7. Catch trend, species composition and biological features of prawns at Kakinada, Waltair and Purl. in June, forming 17.3% of the catch. The modal sizes of P. semisulcatus ranged from 108-158 mm. Matare females.were almost nil in the landings. Madras (Fig. 6) Compared to the previous quarter the catch of prawns was better during this quarter, the landings showing considerable improvement especially in May. M. dobsoni was the dominant species in April when the catch was comparatively poor. In May P. semisulcatus became dominant and in June P. indicus was predominant, P. monodon was present in the catch in appreciable quantities especially in April and May. M. affinis and M. monoceros were found in the catch in small numbers. Kaidnada (Fig. 7) The catch at this centre was considerably poor when compared to the previous quarter. While less than one third of the total catch was contributed by non-penaeid prawns in both April and June, the whole quantity landed in May (67.2 t.) was comprised of non-penaeids consisting of mostly Acetes indicus, Hippo-lysmata ensirostris and Palaemon tenuipes. Among the penaeid prawns, M. monoceros was the dominant spe-cies in April. M. brevicornis, which was second in abundance in April, became dominant in June. P. indicus and P. monodon were both present in the landings in appreciable numbers in April and June. Waltair (Fig. 7) The catch of prawns at this centre showed slight improvement from that of the previous quarter. M. monoceros was the dominant species in April and May. But in June P. indicus became dominant. P. monodon was more common in April, landing about 6.2 t. (17.1%). Purl (Fig. 7) There were prawn landings at this centre in April and May only and in these months also the catch was poor. In April the catch was mostly constituted by M. affinis with dominant sizes ranging from 118-138mm. In May the catch consisted of only M. dobsoni with modal size of 98 mm. Environmental Parameters (Fig. 1) In general, the values of environmental parameters were less during the second quarter than those of the first quarter in Karnataka and Kerala. But, in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh the salinity and temperature values were higher during the present quarter than in the previous quarter and the oxygen values were less than the first quarter. In Karnataka the temperature, salinity and oxygen values were high in April and May and decreased in June with the onset of the monsoon rains. In direct relationship with this it is noticed in this state that the catch of prawns also decreased in June along with the environmental parameters. In Kerala, howeyer, the prawn catch was more in June when these values regi-stered the least. In Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh also the prawn landings were more in June when the values for salinity, temperature and dissolved oxygen were at the minimum. 

Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India for the second quarter of 1978

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Synopsis of marine prawn fishery of India for the second quarter of 1978

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