Diversity and dynamics of mycorrhizal associations in tropical rain forests with different disturbance regimes in South Cameroon

Abstract

The present study documents the occurrence of mycorrhizal associations in the rain forests of south Cameroon. All species investigated are mycorrhizal. Most timber species form arbuscular mycorrhiza, but some timber species, which usually occur in clumps, form ectomycorrhiza. Species diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the undisturbed rain forest is substantial, with more than 125 species having been recorded. Inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi is high in the undisturbed rain forest. The shifting cultivation cycle increases inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, but lowers inoculum potential of ectomycorrhizal fungi to various extent.On sites of forestry practices (skid trails, landings) inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi is very substantially reduced and recovery rates are low. Mycorrhizal colonisation and seedling growth are positively correlated with mycorrhiza inoculum potential. Inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and performance of seedlings of arbuscular mycorrhizal trees can be boosted after inoculum addition. Both inoculum quantity and inoculum quality are important criteria for inoculation practices. Ectomycorrhizal inoculum potential cannot be increased through inoculum addition and management of the intact ectomycorrhizal network is necessary for maintenance of the ectomycorrhizal tree species.Key words : Arbuscular mycorrhiza, ectomycorrhiza, disturbance, rain forest, diversity, inoculum potential, Cameroon, forestry practices</p