Operational and cargo related wastes from ships are an important source of litter in the marine environment in the southern North Sea and cause serious economical and ecological damage. Marine litter monitoring program using plastic abundance in stomachs of a seabird, the Northern Fulmar, was already operational in The Netherlands and was further developed also for international implementation by OSPAR as one of the 'Ecological Quality Objectives (EcoQOs)' for the North Sea (OSPAR 2008). Fulmars are purely oceanic foragers, ingest all sorts of litter from the sea surface, and do not regurgitate poorly degrading diet components, but slowly wear these down in the stomach. Accumulated hard plastic items in stomachs of beached Fulmars thus integrate marine litter levels encountered over a number of weeks in a particular area

Franeker, J.A., van

Jong, M.L., de

Meijboom, A.

Verdaat, J.P.

English

Het door schepen overboord zetten van operationeel en aan lading gerelateerd afval is één van de belangrijke bronnen van zwerfvuil in de zuidelijke Noordzee. Zulk afval heeft ernstige economische en ecologische gevolgen. In Nederland worden trends in zwerfafval op zee reeds onderzocht in een monitoring programma dat is gebaseerd op de hoeveelheid plastic afval in magen van dood aangespoelde zeevogels: de Noordse Stormvogel. Dit graadmeter instrument wordt ook internationaal verder ontwikkeld als een ‘Ecological Quality Objective (EcoQO)’ door OSPAR (OSPAR 2008). De Noordse Stormvogel fourageert uitsluitend op zee, eet geregeld afval, en hoopt slecht verteerbaar materiaal zoals plastic op in de maag. Daardoor geeft de maaginhoud een geintegreerd beeld van de hoeveelheden afval die de vogels in voorgaande weken op zee zijn tegengekomen .Operational and cargo related wastes from ships are an important source of litter in the marine environment in the southern North Sea and cause serious economical and ecological damage. Marine litter monitoring program using plastic abundance in stomachs of a seabird, the Northern Fulmar, was already operational in The Netherlands and was further developed also for international implementation by OSPAR as one of the 'Ecological Quality Objectives (EcoQOs)' for the North Sea (OSPAR 2008). Fulmars are purely oceanic foragers, ingest all sorts of litter from the sea surface, and do not regurgitate poorly degrading diet components, but slowly wear these down in the stomach. Accumulated hard plastic items in stomachs of beached Fulmars thus integrate marine litter levels encountered over a number of weeks in a particular area

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Fulmar Litter EcoQO Monitoring in the Netherlands 1979 - 2007 in relation to EU Directive 2000/59/EC on Port Reception Facilities

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