Maas, F.M.

Poldervaart, G.

English

NARCIS 

VVA-1 most beneficial for moderately productive plum varieties

Wageningen Yield 

Gerard Poldervaart
gerard.poldervaart@fruitmagazine.eu
Frank Maas
frank.maas@wur.nl
The plum rootstock VVA-1 (Krymsk 1) orig-
inates from the breeding programme of 
Dr. Gennady Eremin of the Krymsk breed-
ing station in Russia. In 1994, the former 
fruit-growing research station in Wil-
helminadorp, the Netherlands, started 
the rst trial in which this rootstock was 
compared to St. Julien A, the rootstock 
that until then was the standard one used 
for plums. This research was continued at 
PPO-Fruit in Randwijk, the Netherlands. 
In total, four varieties were trialled. In all 
cases the trees on VVA-1 were compared 
to those on St. Julien A.
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Opal
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VVA-1 most bene!cial  
for moderately productive  
plum varieties
Vigour
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VVA-1 results in small, highly productive trees. Photos: AllroundFruit
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Queen Victoria
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Avalon and Excalibur
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Practical experiences
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The research de-
scribed in this article 
was nanced by the 
‘Product Board for 
Horticulture’ in the 
Netherlands.
Table 1.  The total production (in kilos/tree), the average fruit weight (in grams) and the production e!ciency  
(number of fruits/cm2) of Queen Victoria on St. Julien A and on VVA-1
Queen Victoria on 
rootstock
Production
2001-2007*
Fruit weight
2001-2007*
Production e!ciency
TCSA** 2008
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The trees on VVA-1 remain small, allowing the majority of the work to be done from the 
ground.
7,7
15,9
11,4
4,2
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0
1996-1998 1999-2000
St-Juliën A
VVA-1
0,0 20,0 40,0 60,0 80,0 100,0
2001-2003 2004-2007
73,0
12,4 54,2
4,7St-Juliën A
VVA-1
Figure 1.  The production level (in kilos/tree) of Opal on 
VVA-1 and on St. Julien A from 1996 through 2000 
(the third through seventh leaf)
Figure 2.  The production level (in kilos/tree) of Queen Victo-
ria on VVA-1 and on St. Julien A from 2001 through 
2007 (the second through eighth leaf)
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Limitations
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Table 3.  The total production (in kilos/tree), the average fruit weight (in grams) and the production 
e!ciency (number of fruits/cm2) of Excalibur on four di"erent rootstocks
Excalibur on 
rootstock
Production
1999-2005*
Fruit weight
1999-2005
Production e!ciency
TCSA** 2005
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For moderately productive varieties, the in"uence of VVA-1 on production levels is the 
greatest.
Table 2.  The total production (in kilos/tree), the average fruit weight (in grams) and the production 
e!ciency (number of fruits/cm2) of Avalon on four di"erent rootstocks
Avalon on 
rootstock
Production
1999-2005*
Fruit weight
1999-2005
Production e!ciency
TCSA** 2005
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IFTA Conference
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VVA-1 most beneficial for moderately productive plum varieties

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