Grond uit veertien verschillende glastuinbedrijven is door middel van biotoetsen getest op ziektewerend vermogen tegen drie belangrijke pathogenen, namelijk Meloidogyne incognita, Pythium aphanidermatum and Verticillium dahliae

Bloem, J.

Bohne, S.

Hamelink, R.

Os, G.J., van

Postma, J.

Stooten, M., van

Wensveen, W., van

Wurff, A.W.G., van der

English

Wageningen Yield 

SESSIE 2 A 
Soil suppressiveness of Meloidogyne, 
Verticillium and Pythium in diverse 
agricultural soils: possible mechanisms, 
and options for sustainable management 
Andre van der Wurff1, Marc van Stooten1, Roel 
Hamelink1, Sabine Böhne1, Wim van Wensveen1, 
Gera van Os2, Joeke Postma3 en Jaap Bloem4 
1
 Wageningen UR Glastuinbouw; 
e-mail: Andre.vanderwurff@wur.nl 
'PPO-BBF 
3
 Plant Research International 
4Alterra 
Soils originating from fourteen greenhouse 
horticultural companies were assessed in bio-
assays for suppressiveness against major patho-
gens of vegetables and flowers, namely the root 
knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, Pythium 
aphanidermatum and Verticillium dahliae. As 
controls, three well-documented soils in terms 
of disease suppressiveness (Os etal., 2008) and 
coarse sand were included for each pathogen. In 
total 5640 bio-assays were examined. 
Soils were homogenized by sieving and distrib-
uted over three treatments with each 40 repli-
cates according to a random block design under 
standardized conditions. Each soil was sterilized 
by -radiation in order to asses the contribution 
of abiotic properties to disease suppressive-
ness. Non-sterilized soils served as a measure 
of abiotic- and biotic factors; and soil without 
the addition of pathogens served as a control to 
determine back-ground contamination of indig-
enous pathogens. 
Soils were acclimatized for one week. After-
wards, irrigation was started and pathogens 
were inoculated. Survival stages of V. dahliae or 
P. aphanidermatum were added as pure sus-
pensions, i.e., microsclerotia or oospores. For 
Meloidogyne, second stadium larvae (12) were 
used. Seedlings were planted for M. incognita, 
while for P. aphanidermatum and V. dahliae, 
seeds were used according to Schreuders & Wurff 
(2009). Experimental time frame varied from 
six weeks for P. aphanidermatum till almost five 
months for V. dahliae. 
A large variation in the level of suppressiveness 
was observed mainly attributed to biological 
soil characteristics and bacteria. The impact 
of physical- and chemical- versus biological 
features of soils on each pathogen is discussed 
based on multivariate analyses of more than 50 
soil parameters, ranging from nutrients, pore 
space, organic matter identity, soil classifica-
tions, to measures of biological activity, bacte-
rial-, fungal- en nematode biomass, antagonists, 
actinomycetes as well as nematode- and bacte-
rial communities. The results provide a frame-
work in which suppressiveness can be classified 
according to soil type and -biota depending on 
the pathogen. This framework will be used in 
ongoing research to test hypotheses for sustain-
able and integrated soil management in which 
mechanisms of suppressiveness are stimulated. 
References 
Schreuders H & Wurff AWG van der (2009) Optimaliseren van biotoet-
sen voor het meten van bodemweerbaarheid van Verticillium 
dahliae en Pythium spp. Gewasbescherming 40:256. 
Os GJ van, Bent J van der & Conijn C (2009) Organische stof en ziekte-
wering in de sierteelt. Gewasbescherming 40:22. 


Optimaliseren van biotoetsen voor het meten van bodemweerbaarheid van Verticillium dahliae en Pythium spp.

Organische stof en ziektewering in de sierteelt.

Soil suppressiveness of Meloidogyne, Verticillium and Pythium in diverse agricultural soils: possible mechanisms, and options for sustainable management

Soil suppressiveness of Meloidogyne, Verticillium and Pythium in diverse agricultural soils: possible mechanisms, and options for sustainable management

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