To study the topography of the lattice of the arteries of the labyrinth and their relationship to the form of the orbit was carried out anthropometric measurements by the method of V. N. Shevkunenko, A. M. Eselevich, T. V. Zolotareva, G. N. Toporov. To determine the shape of the orbit was measured by the following parameters: 1 - the height of the entrance to the eye socket - the distance between the upper and lower walls of the orbit; 2 - entrance width - the distance between the inner and outer walls of the orbit; 3 - the depth - the distance between the inner boundary of the entrance into the orbit to the optic canal

Anderson, Jillian

Cooper, Martha D.

Eaton, Deren

Fournier-Level, Alexandre

Koornneef, Maarten

Moyers, Brook T.

Petipas, Renee H.

Pieper, Bjorn

Remington, David L.

Reymond, Matthieu

Roe, Judith L.

Schaeffer, Robert N.

Schmitt, Johanna

Welch, Stephen M.

Wilczek, Amity M.

Fournier-Level, A.

Wilczek, A.

Cooper, M.

Roe, J.

Anderson, J.

Eaton, D.

Moyers, B.

Petipas, R.

Schaeffer, R.

Pieper, B.

Reymond, M.

Koornneef, M.

Welch, S.

Remington, D.

Schmitt, J.

MPG.PuRe

Paths to selection on life history loci in different natural environments across the native range of Arabidopsis thaliana

Selection on quantitative trait loci (QTL) may vary among natural environments due to differences in the genetic architecture of traits, environment-specific allelic effects or changes in the direction and magnitude of selection on specific traits. To dissect the environmental differences in selection on life history QTL across climatic regions, we grew a panel of interconnected recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana in four field sites across its native European range. For each environment, we mapped QTL for growth, reproductive timing and development. Several QTL were pleiotropic across environments, three colocalizing with known functional polymorphisms in flowering time genes (CRY2, FRI and MAF2-5), but major QTL differed across field sites, showing conditional neutrality. We used structural equation models to trace selection paths from QTL to lifetime fitness in each environment. Only three QTL directly affected fruit number, measuring fitness. Most QTL had an indirect effect on fitness through their effect on bolting time or leaf length. Influence of life history traits on fitness differed dramatically across sites, resulting in different patterns of selection on reproductive timing and underlying QTL. In two oceanic field sites with high prereproductive mortality, QTL alleles contributing to early reproduction resulted in greater fruit production, conferring selective advantage, whereas alleles contributing to later reproduction resulted in larger size and higher fitness in a continental site. This demonstrates how environmental variation leads to change in both QTL effect sizes and direction of selection on traits, justifying the persistence of allelic polymorphism at life history QTL across the species range.Fournier-Leveletal_DataQTLMappingInput for the QTL mapping performed using the MCQTL software (Jourjon et al.,2006)Fournier-Leveletal_DataSEMInput file and R scripts used to perform the SEM analysis

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Data from: Paths to selection on life history loci in different natural environments across the native range of Arabidopsis thaliana

Selection on quantitative trait loci (QTL) may vary among natural environments due to differences in the genetic architecture of traits, environment-specific allelic effects or changes in the direction and magnitude of selection on specific traits. To dissect the environmental differences in selection on life history QTL across climatic regions, we grew a panel of interconnected recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana in four field sites across its native European range. For each environment, we mapped QTL for growth, reproductive timing and development. Several QTL were pleiotropic across environments, three colocalizing with known functional polymorphisms in flowering time genes (CRY2, FRI and MAF2-5), but major QTL differed across field sites, showing conditional neutrality. We used structural equation models to trace selection paths from QTL to lifetime fitness in each environment. Only three QTL directly affected fruit number, measuring fitness. Most QTL had an indirect effect on fitness through their effect on bolting time or leaf length. Influence of life history traits on fitness differed dramatically across sites, resulting in different patterns of selection on reproductive timing and underlying QTL. In two oceanic field sites with high prereproductive mortality, QTL alleles contributing to early reproduction resulted in greater fruit production, conferring selective advantage, whereas alleles contributing to later reproduction resulted in larger size and higher fitness in a continental site. This demonstrates how environmental variation leads to change in both QTL effect sizes and direction of selection on traits, justifying the persistence of allelic polymorphism at life history QTL across the species range

Wilczek, A.M.

Cooper, M.D.

Roe, J.L.

Moyers, B.T.

Petipas, R.H.

Schaeffer, R.N.

Welch, S.M.

Remington, D.L.

NARCIS 

Electronic Archiving System

Wageningen Yield 

Levchenko, D.V.

Shiyan, D.M.

Electronic Sumy State University Institutional Repository

 3  МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ ТА НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ СУМСЬКИЙ ДЕРЖАВНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ МЕДИЧНИЙ ІНСТИТУТ     АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ТЕОРЕТИЧНОЇ ТА КЛІНІЧНОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ Topical Issues of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine      ЗБІРНИК ТЕЗ ДОПОВІДЕЙ V Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції студентів та молодих вчених (м. Суми, 20-21 квітня 2017 року)    Суми Сумський державний університет 2017   110 АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ТЕОРЕТИЧНОЇ ТА КЛІНІЧНОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DISTRIBUTION OF BRANCHES OF THE ETHMOID ARTERIES ON FROM THE SHAPE OF THE ORBIT Levchenko D.V. D.M. Shiyan (associate professor, PhD) Kharkiv national medical University, The Department of human anatomy To study the topography of the lattice of the arteries of the labyrinth and their relationship to the form of the orbit was carried out anthropometric measurements by the method of V. N. Shevkunenko, A. M. Eselevich, T. V. Zolotareva, G. N. Toporov. To determine the shape of the orbit was measured by the following parameters: 1 - the height of the entrance to the eye socket - the distance between the upper and lower walls of the orbit; 2 - entrance width - the distance between the inner and outer walls of the orbit; 3 - the depth - the distance between the inner boundary of the entrance into the orbit to the optic canal.  On the basis of the data made the calculation of the index of the orbit. The manifestation of individual variability in the topography of the ethmoid artery was the fact that individuals with extreme forms of the orbit revealed two statistically different to the type of branching: main and extended. Trunk type is selected in the group of low-orbit and is characterized by a sharp angle of divergence from the main trunk; the number of ethmoid arteries strictly corresponds to the number of lattice channels, that is, the branches are virtually absent. In contrast, loose type set in a group of persons with high eye socket, characterized by a dull or a right angle of divergence, the number of branches of the ethmoid arteries is 3-4 times greater number of similar channels, i.e., to the entrance of the canal ethmoid artery is divided into 4 or more branches.  Thus, the variability observed in number of vessels, their calibre, the vastness of the anastomoses, the form and dimensions of the loops of arterial network and its topography. These include the middle ethmoid artery, which we described in 33 % of cases.   FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE OF THE MANDIBULAR CANAL Litvichenko A.D. Scientific supervisor - Shiyan D.M. (associate professor, PhD) Kharkiv national medical University, The Department of human anatomy Entry. It is well known that the channel of the lower jaw is located between two holes: inlet is located on the inner surface of the branches of the jaw, and the source is the mental foramen.  The purpose of the work. Explore the features of development and structure of the mandibular canal of a human in utero. Materials and methods. Material for the study were the mandible with the corpses of 16 cm length up to the neonatal period. The research methodology was as follows. Pre veins the jaws of the injected contrast paint lead white or lead orange (two-sided fractional injection was carried out via the internal jugular vein), followed by radiography of the jaws and preparation. Were photographing and sketching of objects. Results. In the period of embryonic development, the jaw is still insignificant. It is represented by bone tissue in the form of paired plates forming something that resembles a gutter. The rest of the outside of the gutter more soft consistency. Conclusions. Thus, the jaw canal is a simple tube located in the interior of the jaw from the mandibular to the mental foramen. It represents a system of tubes of various diameters that lie in different direction along the lower jaw. Channels, including the anterior mandibular, start from different areas and come not from one but from many holes the jaw. A plurality of venous outflow, as shown by the observations associated with features of development of the jaw and is a determining factor in the result and pathological processes. On the other hand, draws attention to a peculiar device key point of the venous system in the region of the mental foramen.   

Morphological features of distribution of branches of the ethmoid arteries on from the shape of the orbit

Selection on quantitative trait loci (QTL) may vary among natural environments due to differences in the genetic architecture of traits, environment-specific allelic effects or changes in the direction and magnitude of selection on specific traits. To dissect the environmental differences in selection on life history QTL across climatic regions, we grew a panel of interconnected recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana in four field sites across its native European range. For each environment, we mapped QTL for growth, reproductive timing and development. Several QTL were pleiotropic across environments, three colocalizing with known functional polymorphisms in flowering time genes (CRY2, FRI and MAF2-5), but major QTL differed across field sites, showing conditional neutrality. We used structural equation models to trace selection paths from QTL to lifetime fitness in each environment. Only three QTL directly affected fruit number, measuring fitness. Most QTL had an indirect effect on fitness through their effect on bolting time or leaf length. Influence of life history traits on fitness differed dramatically across sites, resulting in different patterns of selection on reproductive timing and underlying QTL. In two oceanic field sites with high prereproductive mortality, QTL alleles contributing to early reproduction resulted in greater fruit production, conferring selective advantage, whereas alleles contributing to later reproduction resulted in larger size and higher fitness in a continental site. This demonstrates how environmental variation leads to change in both QTL effect sizes and direction of selection on traits, justifying the persistence of allelic polymorphism at life history QTL across the species rang

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Morphological features of distribution of branches of the ethmoid arteries on from the shape of the orbit

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