Ballintijn, M K

Banerjee, S

Fesefeldt, H S

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Lawrenre Berkeley Laboratorv, USA OCR OutputP. Gee, B. Greiman, D.Hall, C. TullL.#\I’I’. Annecy, FranceM.MavjreInternational Christian Uiiiversity, Mitaka 181, JapanY.Nakagawa, T. YamagataI{FI{I. Budapest, HungaryL. UrbanI{EI{. Tsukuba 3U5` JapanK.Amak0, J.Kcmzaki, T.Sasaki, Y. TakaiwaHewIett—Packa1‘d, GenevaM.Benm"dFreiburg University, GermanyO.SchaileCERN CN divisionJ.Shier.sA.Nathcmicl, A.Osb0rne, S.Ravndal, F.Rademakers, L.R0bert.s0n,M.Ballintijn, J.P.Baud, R.Brun, O.C0uet, S.G'iamj, F.HcmmerTata Institute of Fundamental Research. Bombay, IndiaS.B¢merjecIII. PI1ysikaIis<:hes Institut, RVVTH Aachen, GermanyH.Fe.sefeldtSq; · :2%May 26, 1994AQQKJ ·&RLc’C¥{Om? Letter of intent to the DRDC.O}5_¤ L LUSC00O00706mm VIINIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIDRDC/94-28CERN LIBRARIES, GENEVAP55. OCR Outputrelationship between these projects and support for current software packages, a.ndand groups who ha.ve expressed interest in joining this work. Finally we indicate theFollowing is a short description of each proposal together with the list of personsproject collaborators to join in the Very Large Database project.especially for the ZOO project. ln addition it would be natural to invite the PASSThe list of collaborators is not yet complete - we hope to attract. more manpoweruseful to both the existing experiments as well as the proposed LHC experiments.These proposals are not specific to one particula.r experiment and are aimed to beIt is our intention to submit three proposals to the DRDC in the coming weeks.PIAF systems.A common Data Analvsis environment based on the evolution of the PAW andA common User Interface system based on KUIP and its planned extensions.consistent data storage and data management model must be designed.run anywhere in the world using ZOO (via CORBA) to transfer the objects. Aently the Distributed Computing model. Each module of the framework canA common I/O system based on ZOO. The framework must support transparA common event data model.A common detector a.nd event visualisation system.A simulation kernel based on the extensions of the GEANT svstem.framework presented in Figure 1 could be:the framework of an Object Oriented technology. Some of the ingredients of thisfor the simulation, reconstruction and analysis stages of the LHC experiments into actively collaborate to the design and development of a. seamless environmentLHC software day at CHEP94. The CN/ASD group and collaborators are proposingthe CERNLIB environment has been discussed at COLLECT and presented at theused in the HEP community. More recently, a, pa.per[l] proposing an evolution offor many years in the development and support for many packages and tools widelyThe Application Software and Data Base group in CN Division has been involvedIntroductionimproved by using almost. exclusively 64 bit arithmetic throughout. OCR Outputable simplification. thus easing the maintenance. Tracking precision will beThis clean—up should in itself improve performance and make for a considerused by the experiments because the gain in time has never been substantial.the fraction of the code corresponding to some old tracking algorithms neverRewrite an important part of the tracking system. It is necessary to removea lot of work.matic and symmetric interface between GEANT and CAD systems still requiresresults have already been obtained by the CADD project. llowever, an a.uto—This upgrade should facilitate the interface with the CAD systems. Interestingpower.Upgrade the geometry package to improve speed. reliability. simplicity andProposed algorithmic changesRewrite t.he I/O package as soon as the ZOO l/O system becomes available.of the existing logic.Rewrite the GEANT kernel. geometry and tracking. in C-t--}-. taking advantagecooperation with new potential colla.borat.ors.Re—engineer several parts of GEANT to facilitate the maintenance work andadvant.a.ge that it can test the new code by checking it on existing detectors.years with their existing Fortran—based interface. This approach has also thewith the existing version of GEANT for those intending to continue for a fewGEANT kernel. VVe believe that it is possible to preserve backward compatibilitybe possible to call Fortran (77 and 90) routines or C/C++ procedures from theRedesign the interface to the User routines called at tracking time. It shouldcurrently developing the KUIP and HIGZ packages.eration between the experimental groups and the application programmersupgrade of the existing interactive version. This requires a very close coopImplement a comprehensive detector and event viewing system based on anof simulation and reconstruction.with the LHC groups. The new data model must be seen in the global frameat KEK. The consolidation of this work must take place in close collaborationtheir relations has already been done in collaboration with the PRUDIG projectObject Oriented approach. A prototyping exercise[‘2] to define the classes andRedesign the data model currently based on ZEBRA data structures in anProposed structural changesmo<lcls. Algorithmic and St1·ucti11·ail changes are 1·equii‘ed.evolution of the cnvironmemt and thc impact; of the new languages and the dataVVe are now planning in1p01·t.a»nt, cIevel0pme11ts in GEANT. taking into account theOCR Output1 GEANTthe VENUS project for virtual reality at CERN: S. De Gennaro OCR OutputPhysicists in ATLAS a.nd (`MS responsible for detector simulation.l\l.l\laire LAPPL.llrban RFK] Budapestll.Fesefeldt AachenT.Sasaki. Y.Takaiwa. Y.Nakaga.wa. T.Ya.magata.The members of the PRODIG project at KEK and Tokyo: l{.Amako. .l.l{anza.ki,The CN/ASD GEANT team: S.(}iani. S.Ravndal, R.BrunThe GEANT project will be a. collaboration between:also facilitate communication with non-physicists.to better illustra.te and explain their detector in their public presentations. It couldbeen demonstrated at CHEPf)—l. This tool could also be used bv the collaborationsbased on GEANT. A first prototype illustrating the possibilities of this technique hasit becomes possible to develop a real-time navigation system for a detectorimpressive progress now t.aking place in the areas of anima.tion and virtual reality.facilitate integration and a fast understanding of all a.spects of a detector. VVith theflux of new physicists. it is also extremely important. to develop adequate tools toln the context of the large LHC collaborations where we expect a continuoususer interface is progressively making GEANT a potentia.l educational tool.complement to a.l>stra.ct lectures. The continuous simplification of the interactiveof the physics processes at tracking time could be an a.ttractive and instructiveEnergy Physics at Universities. The visualisation of the detectors and the detailsThe GEANT program is a powerful tool to teach the experimental aspects of HighUsing GEANT as 2111 education and trai11i11g toolThis work should he resumed in collaboration with the new experiments.stage of sufhcient maturity to allow them to be included in the ofticial release.scheme in standa,rd GEANT. These prototypes have, however, never reached aSome attempts have been made in the past to include a global parameterisationto the important structural changes foreseen in the GEANT kernel.by comparing with experimental data. These processes will need to be adaptedThis implies a. better evailuatiou ofthe range 0f validity ofthe physics in GEANTC0ns0]i<la t <2 the physics processes. in) particular the hadronic physics package.task of ORB t.o optimize resource allocation. OCR Outputconcurrent. requests for read or write via. the Object Request Broker. lt. is also theThe data. base model is compliant with t.he emerging standard CORBA. lt supportsprovide a transparent migration of data from one type of medium to another.stora.ge management. software implement the concept. of dynamic hierarchies andseveral levels of cache transparent. to the application. It is essential that any futureManager (HSM) to migrate these files to a sequential medium. The HSM includesdisk—resident hierarchica.l data bases. lt will be the task of the Hierarchica.l Storagedata acquisition systems will not write to tapes, but instead will accumulate data. onThe Online and Offline architectures a.re clearly affected by this data model. Theobviously parallel architectures.into account parallel tile systems. hierarchical file management a.nd migration andof experience in dealing with very large data bases. This development must takedle the gigantic data bases that. we expect for LHC. \Ve have in our hands a lotit is unlikely that they can propose a system flexible and efficient enough to hanthe OO paradigms. Many data base providers try to solve this problem. However,There are several ideas on how to combine the advantages of a relational model andperformance penalty of the existing object·oriented data base management systems.components of an event. (`olumn—wise Ntuples should support objects without thelight of an Object Oriented approach in order to optimize the access to the variousThe conventional flat—access model for one event must be reconsidered in theamount of I/O resources.only the data used in the query is read from the tile. thus saving a non negligibleconsiderably improves the search mecha.nism. In the case of column—wise Ntuples,base management systems. VVith Ntuples, direct access to any event in the fileoffering in an interactive system like PAW many of the advantages of relational datawise Ntuples. The Ntuple concept greatly facilitated the data analysis phase bymany collaborations are in the process of converting their mini—DSTs to columnCurrently micro-DSTs have been conveniently repla.ced by row-wise Ntuples andthe interesting events. At each of these stages histogram files could be produced.sequentially on all these files, possibly with a. fast skipping mechanism to read onlyfiles. From raw data down to D$Ts. the analysis programs were designed to loopFor many years the HEP data. model has been based on a cascade of sequentialexisting LEP experiments and the coming fix target experiments.VVe see that as a.n iterative and pragmatic process in strong collaboration with thestorage. access and a.na.lysis of the Petabyte data. bases announced for the LHC era.The long term aim of this project is to provide a standard environment for the2 Analysis of very large data basesB.Greiman. C.Tull. l°.Gee. D.lIall. OCR Output• Doug Olson (LBL) and several members of the STAR collaboration at RHIC:• Sunanda Banerjee (Bombay and (TMS).• Otto Schaile. OPAL group Freiburg University.• R. Brun. A.Nathaniel. .l.Shiers from CN/ASDdesign and implementation of this system:Several groups or individuals have expressed their interest in participating to thethe ZEBRA I/O systems FZ and RZ for Object Oriented Frameworks.CORBA specifications. ZOO can be seen as, among other things. the replacement for\Ve are proposing to develop a new system ca.lled ZOO to be compliant. with theservices provided by objects.return types. In turn. operations are used in interface declarations to define thestring). These are used in operation declarations to define arguments types andstruct and discriminated union). and template types (such as sequence a.nd(such a.s short, long, float, double, and boolean), constructed types (such aslanguage with a syntax resembling that of C++ . IDL provides basic data t.ypesobject interfaces are described in Interface Definition Language (IDL), a declarativemake use of an object. it must know what services the object provides. In CORBA.necessarily describe anything about the object`s interface. Before an application canas well. Even t.hough an object reference identifies a particular object. it does notgramming interface that is not only system independent, but language independentfaced by all developers of distributed applications, providing a standard object proobjects without sacrificing efficiency. Such an object model must address issuesan object model that allows applications to transparently use both local and remotesame process or on another machine halfway around the world. This ideal requiresobject interfaces and should not care whether the object implementations are in theTo a.void breaking encapsulation, distributed OO applications must deal only withZOOthe online svstems.Physicists in the LHC experiment.s, NA—1S, NA49, including those designingJP. Baud, F.Hemmer. L.RobertsonThe CN/PDP group members investigating llierarchical Storage management:Hewlett Packard (Pl.¢\F` is a. joint project with HP)J.ShiersThe CN/ASD PAXV and PIAF team: M.Ballintijn, R. Brun, O.Couet, F.Rademakers,project will be a. collaboration between:oration could be the starting point for more research in this area. The proposedPIAF architecture and the t.l1e0retical work done in the context of the PASS collab—The successful dcvel0p1m¤11tus thaic have taken place in the context ofthe emerginghttp://kekuxl.kek.jp/amako[2] I{.Amal<o. I{EI{. Presentation at CHEP94 is available under W/VVVV[I] R.Brun, Software in IIIYP: A Strategy towards LHC, CN/UPG/94-7References(LCRB).nite products in mind. could be undertal<en by the LHC Computing Review Boardprojects, both of a strictly R&D nature and those such as proposed here with deliFuthermore we understand that in a formal sense interactions between softwareplans detailed here. We fully understand the need for close collaboration with P55.objectives. Indeed the P55 proposal makes reference to the ZOO and GEANTbelieve that these proposals are in fact complementary to P55`s stated goals a.nd\Ve have carefully read the P55 proposal (CERN/DRDC/9<1·9 l\‘Iarch 2, 1994) a.ndRelation to P55of inherent and useful milestones for a.ll projects.see such a. staged approach as being both realistic and practical and providing a setvances which should lead to robust solutions at the time of the LHC startup. VVewho are a.lso using the current software, will benefit from incremental software adthis way current a.nd future experiments. including the LHC experiments themselvesstaged solutions that will be used in t.he interim period before the LHC startup. Inexperiments that will take data before the LHC, the overall approach is to providea.ls includes providing software solutions for current. experiments and those futureGiven that. the responsibility of a good fraction of the people on these proposIndeed LEP will continue t.o be the driving force in several areas.LEP experiments. cannot be frozen now. as it will be used for the coming decade.It is our conviction that current software environment, as used for example by theSupport of Current Software Packages

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