In this paper, we compose six different Python and Prolog VMs into 4 pairwise
compositions: one using C interpreters; one running on the JVM; one using
meta-tracing interpreters; and one using a C interpreter and a meta-tracing
interpreter. We show that programs that cross the language barrier frequently
execute faster in a meta-tracing composition, and that meta-tracing imposes a
significantly lower overhead on composed programs relative to mono-language
programs.Comment: 33 pages, 1 figure, 9 table
