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Probing dipole-forbidden autoionizing states by isolated attosecond pulses

Abstract

We propose a general technique to retrieve the information of dipole-forbidden resonances in the autoionizing region. In the simulation, a helium atom is pumped by an isolated attosecond pulse in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) combined with a few-femtosecond laser pulse. The excited wave packet consists of the 1S^1S, 1P^1P, and 1D^1D states, including the background continua, near the 2s2p(1P)2s2p(^1P) doubly excited state. The resultant electron spectra with various laser intensities and time delays between the EUV and laser pulses are obtained by a multilevel model and an ab initio time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation calculation. By taking the ab initio calculation as a "virtual measurement", the dipole-forbidden resonances are characterized by the multilevel model. We found that in contrast to the common assumption, the nonresonant coupling between the continua plays a significant role in the time-delayed electron spectra, which shows the correlation effect between photoelectrons before they leave the core. This technique takes the advantages of ultrashort pulses uniquely and would be a timely test for the current attosecond technology.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

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