We demonstrate teleportation of quantum bits between two single atoms in
distant laboratories. Using a time-resolved photonic Bell-state measurement, we
achieve a teleportation fidelity of (88.0+/-1.5)%, largely determined by our
entanglement fidelity. The low photon collection efficiency in free space is
overcome by trapping each atom in an optical cavity. The resulting success
probability of 0.1% is almost 5 orders of magnitude larger than in previous
experiments with remote material qubits. It is mainly limited by photon
propagation and detection losses and can be enhanced with a cavity-based
deterministic Bell-state measurement.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
