Abstract
Purpose of Review This review aims to explore in-depth the different aspects of the association between very low-calorie
ketogenic diet (VLCKD), obesity and obesity-related thyroid dysfunction.
Recent Findings The VLCKD, proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy for the management of certain chronic diseases,
is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Initially used to treat epilepsy, it has been shown to be effective in controlling
body weight gain and addressing various pathophysiological conditions. Research has shown that a low-calorie, high-fat
diet can affect thyroid hormone levels. Weight loss can also influence thyroid hormone levels. Studies have suggested that
long-term use of VLCKD for refractory epilepsy may be related to the development of hypothyroidism, with an effect seen
in various populations. In particular, women with obesity following VLCKD tend to have reduced T3 levels.
Summary We propose further research to unravel the underlying mechanisms linking VLCKD to obesity and obesity-related
thyroid dysfunction
