This doctoral work aimed to describe the epidemiology of TB in a high HIV and TB prevalent community from 1997 to 2008, and to assess the effect of HIV and a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) programme on the TB epidemic in this setting

Middelkoop, Keren

English

Cape Town University OpenUCT

[Annual rate of tuberculosis infection and its evolution in developing countries]. Bull Int Union Tuberc

4 participants (1%) declined HIV testing; among those that were tested the HIV prevalence was 23% (95% CI: 20-26%) 179. Of the 174 HIV-infected participants, 5% (95% CI: 2-10%) were receiving HAART. In

4 participants declined HIV testing, and in

50% (n=6) of the untreated TB cases had smear-positive PTB 179, while in 2008, 13% (n=1) of the untreated cases had smear-positive PTB

6.2.2 TB prevalence in Site M In

A comparative study of tuberculin skin test reactivity between asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive subjects and healthy volunteers. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol

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All participants were nebulised for sputum specimens, however, a small proportion of participants were unable to produce sputum. In

Although the HIV prevalence in this community was reasonably stable from

Among HIV-infected patients (Figure B7), all four models showed a significant increase in TB rates from 2002 to end 2004, and all the models reported a significant decline in TB rates in this group from

Among HIV-uninfected patients (Figure B6), all four models showed stable TB rates from 2002 to end 2004, and all the models reported a modest but significant decline in HVuninfected TB rates from

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and 2008, the DTHC performed community-based, random cross-sectional HIV prevalence surveys among adults ≥15 years of age in the study community 179;197.

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As described in Appendix A, the community HIV prevalence model used to determine denominators for TB rates calculations was obtained from the Actuarial Society of South Africa

As noted in Chapter 1, a key target of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Stop TB Partnership is to reduce TB prevalence by 50% from

As shown in Figures B1, B2 and B3, the different models yielded no substantive changes in adult TB notification trends, overall or by HIV status. In overall adult TB rates all models showed a significant increase from

As the DTHC surveys did not include 0-14 year olds, the HIV prevalence for these age groups were derived from the ASSA model, updated for revised paediatric survival assumptions 289.

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Association of prevalence of tuberculin reactions with closeness of contact among household contacts of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis

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Based on these findings, the DTHC HIV survey data were used for the community HIV prevalence model for 2005 and 2008. HIV prevalence by 5-year age strata and gender were extrapolated between 2005 and 2008, assuming a linear trend.

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both overall PTB and smear-positive PTB rates increased significantly from

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Can Malawi's poor afford free tuberculosis services? Patient and household costs associated with a tuberculosis diagnosis in Lilongwe. Bull World Health Organ

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Characterization of the phylogenetic distribution and chromosomal insertion sites of five IS6110 elements in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: non-random integration in the dnaAdnaN region. Tuber Lung Dis

Childhood tuberculosis in an urban population in South Africa: burden and risk factor. Arch Dis Child

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The effect of HIV and an Antiretroviral treatment programme on Tuberculosis transmission, incidence and prevalence in a South African Township

https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/11427/11102/1/thesis_hsf_2011_middelkoop_k.pdf

The effect of HIV and an Antiretroviral treatment programme on Tuberculosis transmission, incidence and prevalence in a South African Township

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