The transportation sector is a major producer of greenhouse gases through the use of fossil-fueled internal combustion engines. Laws are already in place to reduce its footprint. Thus, European institutions have decided to ban the sale of internal combustion vehicles in the European Union from 2035. One possible alternative to combat climate change in the automotive industry is the use of synthetic fuels. This study analyzes whether the use of synthetic fuels in future vehicles is energetically feasible by using 100 % renewable sources. The study has been applied to the fleet of cars and vans in Spain, which will be the main vehicles affected by the European laws of 2035. Two scenarios are analyzed for the year 2035: A) evolution of the existing fleet in 2019 with massive use of synthetic fuels, and B) dominance of electric vehicles. Globally, Scenario B would require 15 % less energy and 21 % less synthetic fuel production, but 12 times higher electric power demand for electric vehicle battery charging than Scenario A. Furthermore, Scenario A would avoid the annual emission of about 136 vs. 98 Mt CO2eq in Scenario B. The use of synthetic fuels would be at least as viable as the massive use of electric vehicles.Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::12 - Producció i Consum ResponsablesObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::13 - Acció per al ClimaObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i InfraestructuraObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No ContaminantPostprint (published version
