Becatti, Matteo

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Editorial: Molecular Targeted Therapyin Oncology: Lessons FromPharmacogenetics andPharmacoepigeneticsSaber Imani1,2*, Matteo Becatti 3* and Md. Asaduzzaman Khan4*1China Regional Research Center, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Taizhou, Jiangsu, China,2Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, Luzhou, China, 3Department ofExperimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy, 4The Research Center forPreclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, ChinaKeywords: cancer, molecular targeted therapy, pharmacogenetics, pharmacoepigenetics, signaling pathways, drugresistanceEditorial on the Research TopicMolecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Lessons from Pharmacogenetics andPharmacoepigeneticsThe Human Genome Project is moving away from basingclinical decisions on signs andsymptoms of diseases to a new concept of medicine. Pharmacogenetics andpharmacoepigenetics are multidisciplinary research areas of“personalized genomic medicine”, representing a new approach to healthcare aimed atcustomizing patients’ medical treatment according to their individual genomic profile.In the current Research Topic (RT), we provide an overview on the new trends,achievements, and challenges lying ahead in cancer. Original articles and reviewssummarize the current knowledge on genomics and epigenetics modifications to studytherapeutic approaches, biomarkers, and mechanisms involved in diseases and drugresistance.In recent years, the multi-OMICS data have provided a platform linking the cancer-specificgenomic/epigenomic alterations to interconnected transcriptome, proteome, andmetabolome networks which underlie the molecular-targeted therapies in oncology (Junget al., 2021). The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and artificialintelligence have allowed a large data explosion and systematic study of the cancer genome. Forthe first time, data were available for complete genome sequences in a large number of cancertypes. Open data have promoted the advance of scientific discovery. The era of genomics andbig data has brought the need for collaboration and data sharing in order to make effective useof this new knowledge. Consequently, the storage and analysis of these data in an efficientmanner pose a major challenge to researchers. In this RT, five studies that employed publiclyaccessible databases useful for cancer diagnosis and prognosis are presented (Deng et al.; Fanet al.; Feng et al.; Xiang et al.; Zhang et al.). This approach provides a new opportunity tooptimize treatments by understanding the basis of biological mechanisms and utilizinggenomic/epigenomic contributions to treatment response. In the context of tumor-specifictherapeutical biomarkers in immunotherapy, programmed death-1 homolog (PD-1H) is a newregulator of T cell-mediated immune responses (Villarroel-Espindola et al., 2018). Chen et al.showed that PD-1H could be a prognostic indicator and a potential immunotherapeutic targetin human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients (Chen et al.).Edited and reviewed by:William C. Cho,QEH, Hong Kong SAR, China*Correspondence:Saber Imanisaberimani@swmu.edu.cnMatteo Becattimatteo.becatti@unifi.itMd. Asaduzzaman Khanasadkhan@swmu.edu.cnSpecialty section:This article was submitted toMolecular Diagnostics andTherapeutics,a section of the journalFrontiers in Molecular BiosciencesReceived: 25 November 2021Accepted: 16 February 2022Published: 15 March 2022Citation:Imani S, Becatti M and Khan MA(2022) Editorial: Molecular TargetedTherapy in Oncology: Lessons FromPharmacogeneticsand Pharmacoepigenetics.Front. Mol. Biosci. 9:822188.doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.822188Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences | www.frontiersin.org March 2022 | Volume 9 | Article 8221881EDITORIALpublished: 15 March 2022doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.822188Tyrosine kinases receptors (TKRs) are transmembraneproteins acting as signal transducers that regulate essentialcellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation,metabolism, and cell death. Alterations in the TKR pathwayoccur in a broad spectrum of cancers, underlying their keyrole in cancer progression and as therapeutic targets (Krauseand Van Etten, 2005; SudheshDev et al., 2021). In this RT, Wuet al. investigated the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase(NTRK) gene fusion status in triple negative breast cancer(TNBC) patients (Wu et al.). In the same line, Yang et al.investigated the function of ELK1 transcription factor inpancreatic cancer progression (Yan et al.), demonstrating thekey role of ELK1 in cancer cell proliferation and invasion.Notch and Wnt signaling are other critical pathways involvedin cell fate decision, cell proliferation/differentiation, and cancerprogression. In addition, two review papers summarized thecurrent knowledge on the molecular mechanisms by whichNotch3 and Wnt modulate cancer stemness andchemoresistance, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Xiu et al.suggested potential treatment strategies to block Notch3signaling, such as non-coding RNAs, antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates (Xiu et al.). Furthermore, the article by Xie et al.summarized the current knowledge and recent advances on theWnt signaling pathway in head and neck squamous cell cancer(Xie et al.), suggesting thatWnt could be a new potential target forinnovative therapeutic approaches.Oxaliplatin is a popular therapeutic agent against cancerassociated with neuropathic pain. The genetic and epigeneticmechanism of oxaliplatin on neuropathic pain has been discussedby (Branca et al.). Understanding the ability of oxaliplatin to alterthe genetic and epigenetic profiles of neural cells might be helpfulto find new treatments for neuropathy in cancer patients.In conclusion, this RT provides a comprehensive collectionon the role of epigenetics and epigenomics in cancer drugdiscovery and development, providing a detailed view of thefield, from basic principles to applications in cancer diseasetherapeutics.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONSAll authors listed have made a substantial, direct, andintellectual contribution to the work and approved it forpublication.REFERENCESJung, H. D., Sung, Y. J., and Kim, H. U. (2021). Omics and ComputationalModeling Approaches for the Effective Treatment of Drug-Resistant CancerCells. Front. Genet. 12, 742902. doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.742902Krause, D. S., and Van Etten, R. A. (2005). Tyrosine Kinases as Targets for CancerTherapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 353 (2), 172–187. doi:10.1056/NEJMra044389Sudhesh Dev, S., Zainal Abidin, S. A., Farghadani, R., Othman, I., and Naidu, R.(2021). Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and Their Signaling Pathways asTherapeutic Targets of Curcumin in Cancer. Front. Pharmacol. 12, 772510.doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.772510Villarroel-Espindola, F., Yu, X., Datar, I., Mani, N., Sanmamed, M., Velcheti, V.,et al. (2018). Spatially Resolved and Quantitative Analysis of VISTA/PD-1H asa Novel Immunotherapy Target in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin.Cancer Res. 24 (7), 1562–1573. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2542Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that the research was conducted in theabsence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as apotential conflict of interest.Publisher’s Note: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authorsand do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those ofthe publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated inthis article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed orendorsed by the publisher.Copyright © 2022 Imani, Becatti and Khan. This is an open-access article distributedunder the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use,distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the originalauthor(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publicationin this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use,distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences | www.frontiersin.org March 2022 | Volume 9 | Article 8221882Imani et al. Editorial: Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology

Editorial: Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Lessons From Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacoepigenetics

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Editorial: Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Lessons From Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacoepigenetics

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