Granulomatous lesions and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in portuguese wild boars (Sus scrofa)

Andrade, S.

Coelho, A.C.

Figueira, Luís

Martins, M.H.

Matos, A.C.

Matos, M.

Mendes, A.

Pinto, M.L.

Sousa, N.

Álvares, S.

Repositório do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco

Reports in which Map was isolated from wild boars reveal that the infection can occur with or without lesions, being the last the most frequent cases. Our preliminary results are in accordance to what was previously described3 and demonstrate the presence of Map in the mesenteric lymph nodes of wild boars with granulomatous lesions similar to those observed in tuberculosis. Furthermore, we confirm that wild boar is both susceptible and may be a vector of Map infections, which poses a risk of disease transmission to other wild and livestock animals. It is also noteworthy that according to these preliminary results, 37.9% of the infected animals were approved for human consumption. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION P105- GRANULOMATOUS LESIONS AND Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis IN PORTUGUESE WILD BOARS (Sus scrofa)   1Matos AC, 1Figueira L, 1Martins MH, 2Matos M, 3Andrade S, 3Pires MA, 1Álvares S, 1Mendes A, 1Sousa N, 3Coelho A, 3Pinto ML  1Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal 2Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal  3Department of Veterinary Sciences and Centre for Studies on Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal    During the time period of 2009-2011, 589 free-ranging wild boars legally hunted in the Idanha-a-Nova (39  55′ 11″ North, 7  14′ 12″ West) and Penamacor (40  10′ 8″ North, 7  10′ 14″ West) cities (in Castelo Branco; Centre-western Portugal) were examined.  A preliminary study that included the mesenteric lymph nodes of 97 animals randomly selected, with and without gross lesions, was performed. Lymph nodes were tested for the presence of Map by culture, IS900 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and histopathology. Culture methodology was performed as described by Juste et al. (1991). DNA from lymph nodes as well as from bacteria isolated by culture was extracted using  commercial kits (DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit, Quiagen, Hilden, Germany and UltraClean® Microbial DNA Isolation, MO BIO Laboratories, Inc., 92010 Carlsbad, California, respectively), according to the manufacturer's instructions. DNA from lymph nodes samples and from bacteria were tested in duplicate for Map using the primers RJ1 (GTT CGG GGC CGT CGCTTA GG) and PT91 (CCC ACG TGA CCT CGC CTC CA) flanking a region of 389 bp were used for amplification of the IS900 sequence of Map and PCR conditions as reported before by Garrido et al. (2000).Tissue samples were fixed in a 10% neutral buffered formol-saline-solution by immersion and processed for histopathology using routine techniques for paraffin embedding. Tissue sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and the Ziehl-Neelsen technique.     MATERIAL  AND METHODS Gross and microscopic lesions were observed in 28 (28,8%) mesenteric lymph nodes from wild boars. These lesions were always multifocal and ranged from occasional proliferative lesions, with less than 1 cm (71.4%) to large areas of granulomatous lesions, more than 1 cm (28.6%) in diameter, of either necrotic or necrotic calcified granulomas (Fig. 1A and 1B, respectively). The presence of lymphocytes (96.4%) (Fig. 1 C) and caseous necrosis (78.6%) were the most common features. Macrophages were also abundant (63,3%) and multinucleated giant cells (Langhans type)  were observed in 46,67% of the granulomatous lesions (Figs. 1C and 1D ). No mycobacteria were visualized in the organ samples submitted to histopathological examination and bacilloscopy. Of the 28 mesenteric lymph nodes with granulomatous lymphadenitis, 46.4% were either PCR positive or 21.4% culture positive.  RESULTS The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is the most widespread free-ranging ungulate in large areas of Europe1. Their rooting habits, omnivorous diet, ability to cross barriers and contact with a broad range of wild and domestic animals2, as well as their susceptibility to mycobacterial infections, makes them useful as disease sentinels3, but the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) was never assessed in this species in Portugal.   INTRODUCTION Fig.1: Morphological aspects of the granulomatous lesions in the mesenteric lymph nodes of Eurasian wild boars (Sus scrofa): caseous material in the necrotic centre (A), which may be calcified (B), surrounded by lymphocytes, macrophages (C) and giant multinucleated cells (Langhans type) (C and D). Hematoxylin and Eosin. Original magnifications: A, 10x; B and D, 40x; C 20x.   A B C D  REFERENCES 1- Acevedo et al. 2007. Epidemiol Infect 135:519–527. 2- Bueno et al. 2010. Eur J Wildl Res 56:765–770. 3- Machackova et al. 2003. Vet Med (Praha) 48:51–65. 4- Juste et al. 1991. Vet Microbiol 28:385-390. 5- Garrido et al. 2000. Vet Microbiol 77:379-386. 

http://repositorio.ipcb.pt/bitstream/10400.11/3261/1/Leon%20JAVALIS%20POSTER.pdf

Granulomatous lesions and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in portuguese wild boars (Sus scrofa)

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Repositório do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco