The purpose of the present study was to compare semantic memory in monolingual and bilingual children with specific learning disabilities. The research design was fundamental and causal-comparative. A number of 60 children including 30 monolingual (Persian, 15 boys and 15 girls) children from Tehran and 30 bilingual children (Kurdish-Persian, 15 boys and 15 girls) from Javanrood city in 2019-2020 were recruited from special learning disabilities rehabilitation centers using accessible sampling. Data were collected using 4-versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Test (WISC-IV) and the Semantic Memory Test (SMT). Descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, and Friedman test were performed using SPSS-21. The results showed that the semantic memory performance of the monolingual children was better than that of the bilingual children (t=5.40, P<0/05). Moreover, a significant relationship was found between the frequency of letters in Persian and performance in the letter fluency test (2=86.50, P<0.01). The results of the study show that despite the children without specific learning disabilities, monolingual children have better semantic memory function than bilingual children with SL
