Effects of adding digitoxigenin and gitoxigenin to the nutrient medium on cardiac glycosides production from digitalis purpurea (Var. Excelsior Mixed) by using tissue culture technique

Abstract

The present study was performed using tissue culture technique purpose of knowing the effect of using precursors in the presence of TDZ semi–cytokinin and maltos sugar on the cardiac glycosides constituents shoots of Digitalis purpurea digitoxin, gitoxin and digoxin, in this study , shoot tips were taken from seedlings of Digitalis purpurea ( var . Excelsior Mixed ) with 1 cm lenth , then they were cultured on nutrient medium adding with two kind of precursorres digitoxigenin (Dg) and gitoxigenin (Gg) with the concentrations 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L for each one, as well as adding for all the treatments ,the TDZ with the 0.5 mg/L concentration and the maltose sugar with the 30 gm/L concentration for induction the multiplication shoot tips processe . The results showed that this study and after 45 day of starting the culture, the treatment which contained digitoxigenin precursors in the concentration 0.5 mg/L was the best compared of the other treatment in respect to the characteristics studied.In this treatment, the multiplication shoots have given sum dry with the amount weight of 6.52 gm containing gitoxin, ditoxin, digoxin with the amount of 382.48, 192.18 and 203.58 g/gm dry weight respectively, beoide the inceased amount of dry weight and cardiac glycosides , other characteristics component of the shoots was increased as the containing of total chlorophyll and percent ratio of soluted sugar and starch in the amount 4.81 mg/g fresh weight, 5.59% and 8.56% respectively. Abbreviations :- Dg (Digitoxigenin); Gg (Gitoxigenin); MS (Murashige and Skoog Medium); TDZ (Thidiazuron); Mg (Milligram);g (Microgram); L (Litter); gm (gram)