Patient-derived organoids for prediction of treatment response in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Oesophageal cancer, comprising adenocarcinoma (OAC) and squamous cell carcinoma subtypes, accounts for approximately 450 000 deaths annually worldwide1,2. For locally advanced OAC, the current standard of care is neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CROSS) or perioperative chemotherapy (FLOT)3,4. Although both confer a survival benefit, 40% of patients undergoing FLOT and 25% of patients undergoing CROSS demonstrate minimal pathological response, suggesting alternative regimens could be more effective2–4. The superiority of either regimen is not clear, with a recent randomized controlled trial demonstrating clinical equipoise between perioperative chemotherapy and CROSS5. </p