This research is motivated by the importance of reading and deep story analysis in an effort to train analytical and aesthetic ability. This study aims to determine the structure and stereotypes in the short story "Good Morning, Mr. Minister" Work Radhar Panca Dahana. The method in this research is qualitative descriptive. The source of the data is taken from a collection of short stories from the story of Smoke Affairs of Radhar Panca Dahana. Data were analyzed by struturalism approach, that is analyzing and interpreting the structural elements (intrinsic) in the short story. The findings show that there are aspects of structures in the short story, theme, plot, figure, background, point of view, language style, and atmosphere. These aspects form a coherent unity so that the reader can understand the content of the story. In addition, stereotypes were also found. The stereotypes stem from the public's view of the main character, the public's negative view of the main character as a former official. It can be concluded that this stereotype is a social reality that the author discloses as a matter of social reflection.Â

F, Yusep Ahmadi

English

Jurnal Mahasiswa IKIP Siliwangi

Structure and Stereotype in Short Story “Selamat Pagi, Tuan Menteri” Karya Radhar Panca Dahana | 1Volume 1 Number 1 2018E – ISSN 2621-0169STRUCTURE AND STEREOTYPE IN SHORT STORY “SELAMAT PAGI, TUANMENTERI” KARYA RADHAR PANCA DAHANAYusep Ahmadi FIKIP Siliwangiyusep-ahmadi-f@ikipsiliwangi.ac.idABSTRACTThis research is motivated by the importance of reading and deep story analysis to train analytical andaesthetic ability. This study aims to determine the structure and stereotypes in the short story "GoodMorning, Mr. Minister" Work Radhar Panca Dahana. The method in this research is qualitative descriptive.The source of the data is taken from a collection of short stories from the story of Smoke Affairs of RadharPanca Dahana. Data were analyzed by the struturalism approach, which is analyzing and interpreting thestructural elements (intrinsic) in the short story. The findings show that there are aspects of structures in theshort story, theme, plot, figure, background, point of view, language style, and atmosphere. These aspectsform a coherent unity so that the reader can understand the content of the story. In addition, stereotypes werealso found. The stereotypes stem from the public's view of the main character, the public's negative view ofthe main character as a former official. It can be concluded that this stereotype is a social reality that theauthor discloses as a matter of social reflection.Keywords: Structure, stereotypes, short story analysisINTRODUCTIONThe short story is one of the literary works that categorized prose. The short story as a literarywork has aesthetic function and morality function. Aesthetically the short story is a manifestation ofthe author's expression in representing certain ideas, intentions, and goals into a narrative literarywork. The morality of short stories has the content of meaning or message that can be used as asource of value in everyday life.The short story stands for short stories. Nurgiyantoro (2007, pp. 10) reveals that the shortstory is a story that is read in one sitting. Within the scope of the work of fiction, Stanton quotedSoewondo (Jabrohim ed. 2017, p.72) describes the elements of literary works as follows: themes,facts of the story include: plot, character and background, and literary means including the point ofview, and atmosphere. In the short story often contained various views or ideology that the authordisclosed. These views are stereotypes. The stereotypical realities in society are often expressed bythe author in his literary work. Stereotypes are conceptions of the nature of a group based onsubjective and imprecise prejudices (Alwi et al, pp. 1071). Based on the definition it can beunderstood that the stereotype as the formation of the concept of the nature of the group based onnegative and subjective prejudices (Kusno, et al., 2017).This research structurally analyzes the short story "Good Morning, Mr. Minister" by RadharPanca Dahana. Background of the short story as the object of study is the desire of writers to knowthe structure of short stories and stereotypical ideology contained in the short story. In addition, theshort stories of Radhar Panca Dahana have not been much studied it gives urgency to the2| Structure and Stereotype in Short Story “Selamat Pagi, Tuan Menteri” Karya Radhar Panca DahanaVolume ... Number .., ..2020E – ISSN 2621-0169importance of researching short stories by Radhar Panca Dahana. Radhar Panca Dahana is knownas the author of a critical and sensitive to the sociopolitical situation that is happening in Indonesia.Therefore, in addition to the intrinsic elements, the stereotype ideology is examined in this paper.Relates to the approach model that can be applied in literary research. Abrams is quoted asSouwondo (Jabrohim 2017, p.67) divides the approach model into four major groups, namely 1) anapproach model that accentuates his study of the author's role as a literary (expressive) creator; 2)an approach model that focuses on the role of the reader as a greeter and host of literary works(pragmatic); 3) an approach model that focuses on referential aspects in relation to the real world(mimesis); 4) an approach model that gives full attention to literary works as an autonomousstructure with intrinsic (objective) coherence.In this study, the approach used is the approach of structuralism, namely the view that focusesthe literary work as a form of interconnected structure which then manifests in a form and intactmeaning. The results of this study can be utilized as teaching materials in the course of prose ordiscourse of fiction. In addition, this paper can add to the repertoire of knowledge in the field ofliterature, especially short story prose.METHODSThis research method is a qualitative descriptive method. The object of this research is theshort story "Good Morning, Mr. Minister" Radhar Panca Dahana. Source data were taken from thebook collection of short stories Smoke Stories "Work Radhar Pancha Dahana. The technique ofsampling data with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis with a structuralism analysisapproach, that is classified and valued data into short story structure categories which are theninterpreted in-depth.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe following research findings are presented on "Good Morning, Mr. Minister" by RadharPanca Dahana with a structural approach. As mentioned above, the intrinsic elements that are thefocus of structural analysis in this study include Themes, plots, figures and backgrounds, andliterary means that include point of view, language style, and atmosphere.ThemeThe theme is the main idea in a story. The team in this story is about the kindness of a personwho is rewarded with prejudice. Pak Suminta who became the main character in the short story wasoriginally told to be a good kampung and often share. However, after a long stay there Pak Sumintareported that he is a former official, namely the former Mantri. With various assumptions on theside of the slope of the former officials are gradually isolated by society sekita because it isconsidered as rich people who want to control the village. The following data shows that.Namun, banyak yang sudah tahu, menurut pak Camat dan menurut Pak Hari yang kerja di bankkota, Pak Suminta dulunyaadalah seorang menteri. Menteri bukan mantri....(hal.166-167)Yang jelas, semua orang pun tahu , Pak Suminta adalah warga yang baik. Kerapdatang ke acara-acara desamemberikan bantuan atau sumbangan untuk yang membutuhkan.(hal. 167)Structure and Stereotype in Short Story “Selamat Pagi, Tuan Menteri” Karya Radhar Panca Dahana | 3Volume 1 Number 1 2018E – ISSN 2621-0169Karena ternyata ada cerita lain yang mengabarkansebenarnya istri Pak Suminta belum mati, dananak-anaknya tidak keluar negeri. Lalu di mana?Akang Didang Supir pakWalikota, katanya pernahmelihat istri Pak Suminta belanja di Kota...( hal. 171)Akhirnya, banyak orang berani mengambil kesimpyulan, wanita-wanita di beberapa kota itusebenarnyabukan istri Pak Suminta.Tapi “ simpannanya”, “gundiknya” Bahkan ada yang bilangmereka adalah “wanita belian”bebrapa ibu menutup mulut dan istigfar. Sebagian lain senyum-senyum, seperti mengerti. (hal. 171)“berarti Pak Suminta Bohong sama kita ya?” (hal. 171)“Ya, Kata-katanya henteu bisa dipercaya deui!” (hal. 172)Sejak itu , warga Desa Danau Berwarna, Kecamatan Jampang Kulon , sudah mulai enggan datangke pekarangan Suminta.PlotThe plot is a collection of stages or sequences of narrative events contained in the story. Theplot in the short story is chronological it can be called the forward flow. This is shown by the databelow.Dan berikut harinya, siapa pun yang lewat bukit—berjalan naik—beraspal itu, akan melihatSuminta duduk santai di pelataran rumah depannya. Memandangi empang ikan, atau bergoyang dikursi rotan, sambil—tentu saja—emengusap-ngusap cengklong besar warna coklatnya. (hal. 166)Pagi itu seperti biasa, Suminta sudah duduk di kursi rotan –goyang. Menghisap cangklongnya,memandang alam di bawahnya: sawah, rumah-rumah, warga yang sibuk bekerja, dan hutan segardi kejauhan. (hal. 168)Dan tak lama hari, warga desa danau Berwarna memang tak berhasil melihat pak Suminta lagi.Bahkan beberapa minggu dan bulan kemudian. Satu kabar akhirnya terdengar: Pak Sumintadisabet jin Cimandiri, jatuh tenggelam dan maytnya hilang. (hal. 175)The data above shows the story chronology of Pak Suminta who became the main character inthe short story. Told Mr. Suminta is an immigrant who inhabits a magnificent house in a villagearea that is still full of rice fields and forests. The habits of Pak Suminta are told by the flow ofprogress, starting from the habit in the morning that is always silent enjoying the surroundingenvironment from the porch of his house, while sucking his cengklongnya and receive guests fromthe village until in the end Pak Suminta reportedly fell into the river and drowned. Pak Suminta wasat times later reportedly not seen again in the village. The events experienced by Pak Sumintacharacters are told in chronological order.FigureCharacterization in this story is told interactively. This means that each charactercommunicates and is integrated into a single story. The main character in this story is Pak Sutami.Pak Sutami is described as a rich Lake Color Village visitor and is identified as a former minister.4| Structure and Stereotype in Short Story “Selamat Pagi, Tuan Menteri” Karya Radhar Panca DahanaVolume ... Number .., ..2020E – ISSN 2621-0169In the beginning, Pak Sutami is well known and generous and often associates with residents.However, then various negative assumptions addressed to Mr. Sutami. He is regarded as a formermentei official who has many wives and intends to take control of the village of Lake Berwarna.Maid characters in this story pretty much with various characters. Haji Saimin, Haji Sanih, andCamat Sulaksana are figures mentioned in the story at a glance as a community leader who attendedthe selametan event at Pak Suminta's house. Pak Hari, Kang Ades. Anwar, Dirjo, Didin, Ceu Iin,Irin, Akang Didang, Tokin Didin is quite a player in this story. He was told as a citizen who askedenough about the situation of Pak Suminta, even in the end Diding prejudiced negative against PakSuminta. There is a stereotype derived from Didin's words, a negative view of a former ministerialofficial who has many wives and wants to control the village.SettingThe setting of the place in this story is the village and Bukin still beautiful and green in thesouthern part of West Java. In addition, a more specific place setting is Pak Suminta's house. Asshown in the data below.Dan memang, itulah tradisi baru suminta, selama hampis satu tahun belakangan ini, selama iamenjadi penduduk baru Desa Danau Berwarna, Kecamatan Jampang Kulon, bagian selatan JawaBarat. (hal. 165)Pagi itu seperti biasa, Suminta sudah duduk di kursi rotan –goyang. Menghisap cangklongnya,memandang alam di bawahnya: sawah, rumah-rumah, warga yang sibuk bekerja, dan hutan segardi kejauhan. (hal. 168)ViewpointThe author's point of view in this story is as an all-know third person. It is marked by themention of the names of the characters clearly. Each character narrated the author based on thechronology of the story and its role in the story. The main character is named Pak Suminta. PakSuminta is positioned to be the main character who becomes the talk and focus of the story. I do notfind the author's point of view as a character. In this story clearly, all the characters are positioned inthe third person's point of view.Language styleThere are several styles of language in this short story. In general, the style of languageconveyed in the story is the style of language in general, the style of everyday language. In the styleof language, there are several Sundanese languages used. It is in accordance with the background ofthe place where the story is located in the southern part of West Java. Stylistically there are severallanguage styles such as eklamasio, pararelisme, anafora. The following data shows that.“Husss! Buakannya begitu “ ( hal. 166)Setelah makan, minum, merokok, bahkan menyisipkan uang saku, Suminta bercerita tentangdirinya. (hal 173Structure and Stereotype in Short Story “Selamat Pagi, Tuan Menteri” Karya Radhar Panca Dahana | 5Volume 1 Number 1 2018E – ISSN 2621-0169...Suminta membersihkan Cangklongnya.. (hal 165)AtmosphereThe atmosphere contained in this story is the atmosphere of the people who are in the villagefilled with the green and beautiful season. The atmosphere of the village surrounded by rice fields,even the green forests indicates that the atmosphere is likely to have not been contaminated bypollution such as motor vehicle pollution, factory pollution, or pollution from various chemicalwaste.Based on the analysis results found intrinsic elements in the short story "Good Morning, Mr.Minister". elements of these elements form a unified structure. Research on the structure of literaryworks has also been done Mumluah (2017) against the novel. There are revealed various intrinsicelements that form the whole structure. However, the difference with this research is alsoinvestigated the values of character education contained in the novel. Meanwhile, the analysis inthis study does not aim to find the value of character education but describes stereotypical ideologyin the short story.Ideology of the stereotype is found as a conflict of stories. The existence of a negativeassumption against Mr. Suminta as a former ministerial official. The author raises the stereotypicalideology that can be judged as a social reality that is often the case in society. A former officialrepresented in the story spent the rest of his life in a village far from the hustle and bustle of thecity. While the abundant wealth of his work as an official is spent and donated to the villagers. Butalso, emerged a negative assumption that befell a former official, which has many wives anddeposits because it is a lot of money. The abundant money that villagers perceive threatens theirexistence because the money is bought by a large village land to take control of the villagecommunity. The form of stereotypes that authors represent can be interpreted as social criticism anda matter of social reflection. Meanwhile, research related to stereotypes was done by Astuti (2016).The study focuses on female stereotypes in advertising on private television. The results of thisstudy illustrate that women are represented as second class citizens who are considered weak andhelpless in a disadvantaged position. However, the difference from research is adalh adalh objectresearch in the form of advertising not in the short story. However, there are suggestions thatstereotypes still exist in society and that we need to reflect on our society to be a fair and objectivesociety.CONCLUSIONBased on the results of the analysis found various elements forming the structure of shortstories such as themes, figures, plot, background, point of view, style and atmosphere. The elementof intrinsic element is an element forming the story structure to form a coherent and cohesive storybuilding. The unity of the story makes the story interesting to read and easy for the reader tounderstand. In besides, I found stereotypes in this short story as a form of social reflection presentedby the author. It can be judged as the author's criticism of social relativity, especially against formerrich officials who are often stereotyped by society.6| Structure and Stereotype in Short Story “Selamat Pagi, Tuan Menteri” Karya Radhar Panca DahanaVolume ... Number .., ..2020E – ISSN 2621-0169REFERENCEAlwi, Hasan dkk. (2005) Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai PustakaAstuti, Yanti Dwi. (2016). Media dan Gender (Studi Deskriptif Representasi Stereotipe Perempuandalam Iklan di Televisi Swasta. Profetik Jurnal Komunikasi. Vol. 09/ No. 02 tahun 2017 p 25-32   tersedia : diakses 28 Januari 2018http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/isoshum/profetik/article/download/1205/1104Dahana, Radhar Panca. (2005). Cerita-Cerita Negeri Asap: Kumpulan Cerita Pendek. Jakarta:KompasJabrohim ed. (2017). Teori Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta. Pustaka Pelajar.Kusno, Ali Abd. Rahmad, & Nur Bety. (2017). Analisis Wacana Kritis Stereotipe Pemerintah OlehHTI. Jurnal Bahasa dan Seni. Vol. 45. Nomor 2017 p 143-154 tersedia dihttp://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jbs/article/viewFile/1729/991 diakses 28 januari 2018Mamluah, Khidmatul. (2017). Nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Novel Bertokoh Dahlan Iskan danPemanfatannya sebagai Bahan Ajar TeksNovel. Jurnal Dialektika Vol 4 No. 1 20017 p 115-145Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. (2007). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta. Gadjah Mada Press.

STRUCTUR AND STEREOTYPE IN SHORT STORY â€œSELAMAT PAGI, TUAN MENTERIâ€ KARYA RADHAR PANCA DAHANA

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STRUCTUR AND STEREOTYPE IN SHORT STORY â€œSELAMAT PAGI, TUAN MENTERIâ€ KARYA RADHAR PANCA DAHANA

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