Military armed conflicts and active combat actions are a significant factor in the influx of toxic metals into the environment and the human body (Petrushka et al., 2024). Toxic metals can enter the human body directly from the air during military armed conflicts, as large quantities of gaseous products containing toxic metals are formed during ammunition explosions. Additionally, there are likely long-term effects of accumulation of heavy metal fragments and microparticles in the soil and groundwater, which can enter the bodies of animals and humans through trophic chains (Trokhymenko et al., 2023)
