Tuberculosis - A multisystemic disease and antimicrobial resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading global cause of infectious disease death. Though all age groups are at risk but it highly effects adults in their most productive years. Tuberculosis is preventable and curable.  There are several drugs that work against tuberculosis disease which target various aspects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (causative agent of TB). Though some drugs (rifampicin, pyrazinamide) are much more effective but the situation gets worse by the presence of multi drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium. Antimicrobial resistance occurs as a result of biological variations in drug uptake or substandard drugs. In the last two decades, multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has emerged as a threat to public health, stressing the need to develop new tuberculosis prevention and treatment strategies. Advances in many technologies such as Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) technology use as a tool for rapid diagnosis and clinical management of TB. The introduction of new database such as Relational sequencing TB data platform may be helpful.  In this review article, provide an update on advances in our understanding to new, existing drugs and repurposed agents, it will help devise better molecular diagnostics for more effective drug resistance tuberculosis (DR-TB) management enabling personalized treatment and will facilitate the development of new drugs. &nbsp