Brazilian Journals Publicações de Periódicos e Editora Ltda.
Abstract
Soil microorganisms have a high bacterial biodiversity and an important group is the cellulose-decomposers bacteria, which through their endoglucanases, exoglucanases and ?-glycosidases enzymatic complexes are responsible for the planet organic biomass degradation. Therefore, to understand and apply their potentials in the biotechnology area, is necessary to know their biologic, biochemical and environmental characteristics and proprieties of the microorganisms involved in these degradation processes. Ten bacteria isolates where obtained. To verify the degradation, the filter paper and solid medium Luria-Bertani was used. In the extracellular enzymatic production analysis, the substrate used was the Whatman N°1 filter paper for the ß-1,4 exoglucanase and carboxymethyl cellulose for the ß-1,4 endoglucanase. Also the microbial biomass analysis was made. The results showed that, the most effective cellulose degradation isolates having as substrates, the BC5 and the BC2 bacteria respectively. In the endoglucanase ß-1,4 enzymatic activity was the BC5 and for the ß-1,4 exoglucanase was the BC8, meanwhile for the microbial biomass production, the best result was for the BC9 isolate bacteria. The results showed that between the different bacteria species from the different locals, significant differences were presented, when each of the analysis were compared and therefore this can be associated to the different types of ecosystems and to the biochemical and environmental characteristics in each type of soil, having different mechanisms directly related with the cellulose degradation. Therefore, these microorganisms have a potential use in diverse biotechnological and bioremediation cellulose degradation processes.
