As communication technology develops, online learning grows significantly. However, online physics learning still faces constraints related to incorporating laboratory work. This paper reports on implementing the Arduino-assisted 5E learning model in physics online learning. The learning phase consists of engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, and evaluation. The learning strategy includes Arduino-based hands-on physics experiments conducted by students at home. The learning model is implemented in a class consisted ten college students majoring in physics education. We also investigate the effect of the learning model on improving students' understanding of thermal physics. Our study shows that students' understanding of thermal physics improves moderately, with an average N-gain of 0.56
