Objective Bone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes remodeling. During bone
remodeling, there are transcription factors such as nuclear factor-activated T cells-1
(NFATc1), sclerostin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) that are released
for bone resorption. Metabolite from gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) has the
ability to activate proliferation, migration, immunomodulation, and tissue regeneration of bone cells and tissues. Furthermore, the aim of this study is to investigate the
metabolite of GMSCs’ effect on expression of NFATc1, TRAP, and sclerostin in calvaria
bone resorption of Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods Twenty male healthy Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), 1 to
2 months old, 250 to 300 g body were divided into four groups, namely group 1 (G1):
100 µg phosphate-buffered saline day 1 to 7; group 2 (G2): 100 μg lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) day 1 to 7; group 3 (G3): 100 μg LPS þ 100 μg GMSCs metabolite day 1 to 7; and
group 4 (G4): 100 μg GMSCs metabolite day 1 to 7. Escherichia coli LPS was used to
induce inflammatory osteolysis on the calvaria with subcutaneous injection. GMSCs
metabolite was collected after passage 4 to 5, then injected subcutaneously on th
