"Recent Developments on Functional Coatings for Industrial Applications" assessed some emerging aspects concerning the recent research progress in the designing, manufacturing and tailoring of new functional coatings for industrial applications. The purpose was to address the recent development in functional coatings synthesis, characterization and optimization, highlighting its emerging industrial applicability in many industrial fields, such as self-healing, self-cleaning or sustainable energy technologies. The multidisciplinary nature of the issue represents an added value aimed at better enhancing the practical relevance and the technological versatility of the functional surface engineering design

Calabrese, Luigi

Proverbio, Edoardo

English

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coatingsEditorialSpecial Issue “Recent Developments on FunctionalCoatings for Industrial Applications”Luigi Calabrese * and Edoardo Proverbio *Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio (Sant’Agata), 98158 Messina, Italy* Correspondence: lcalabrese@unime.it (L.C.); eproverbio@unime.it (E.P.)Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 20 October 2020; Published: 22 October 2020Abstract: “Recent Developments on Functional Coatings for Industrial Applications” assessed someemerging aspects concerning the recent research progress in the designing, manufacturing andtailoring of new functional coatings for industrial applications. The purpose was to address therecent development in functional coatings synthesis, characterization and optimization, highlightingits emerging industrial applicability in many industrial fields, such as self-healing, self-cleaning orsustainable energy technologies. The multidisciplinary nature of the issue represents an added valueaimed at better enhancing the practical relevance and the technological versatility of the functionalsurface engineering design.Keywords: coatings; synthesis; characterization; energy saving; surface texturingFunctional coating technology has acquired, in recent years, increased attention due to its effectivepotential for improved engineered materials. Indeed, a conventional coating is applied on a surface tooffer protection from only environmental actions or for decorative properties. Recently, the growingrequest for new materials with synergistic properties pushed the research toward a new field to obtaininnovative and smart coatings with functional capabilities that greatly differ from the conventionalones. In such a context, the “functional coatings” expression has acquired specific relevance.These “materials” can be classified into several categories depending on their formulation,synthesis or the functional characteristics developed for specific use conditions. Depending on therequired performance or application, functional coatings can be asked for several properties, such as:durability, chemo-thermal stability, specific surface morphology, environmental sustainability [1].In such a context, recent and emerging industrial applications of functional coatings are used inseveral and apparently dissimilar fields: from the biomedical [2] or electronic industries [3], to aerospaceand automotive transportation [4] as well as in sustainable energy technologies [5].The purpose of this Special Issue is to assess the on the edge development in this research areasfor the improvement and growth of actual performance, industrial scale-up and marketability offunctional coatings.In particular, this Special Issue contains six research articles and two review articles. A novelblocked isocyanate crosslinker for the low-temperature curing of automotive clearcoats was reportedby June et al. [6]. The results evidenced that a low-temperature curing clearcoat can be tailored bytuning the curing temperature and reactivity of an isocyanate crosslinkers blocked with pyrazole-basedsubstituents. The interest of the automotive sector in new technologies, in the field of functionalcoatings, was confirmed by the paper by Aranke et al. [7], who realized an extensive and detailed reviewon coatings for automotive gray cast iron (GCI) brake discs. In particular, this review assessed thetraditional and emerging coating technologies for GCI substrate for brake disc applications highlighting,comparatively, pros and cons of the different industrial choices.Coatings 2020, 10, 1017; doi:10.3390/coatings10111017 www.mdpi.com/journal/coatingsCoatings 2020, 10, 1017 2 of 3Calabrese et al. [8] assessed, in a review, the barrier and self-healing properties of zeolite-basedcomposite coatings. Based on literature results, a property–structure relationship for these functionalcoatings was proposed. The review was extended, summarizing the competing active and passiveprotective mechanisms involved in the anti-corrosion performances of the coating.Fernandez et al. [9] assessed corrosion protection performances in a ternary chloride molten saltof a natural coating on alumina-forming alloy, as potential material in thermal energy storage forconcentrated solar power (CSP) technology. The results highlighted an interesting barrier action ofalumina-forming alloys in these critical environmental conditions. Moreover, the paper proposedby Frontera et al. [10] was oriented on sustainable energy technologies. In particular, the authorsprepared and characterized an innovative adsorbent coating for the adsorber unit of an adsorptionheat pump. The composite coating was obtained by the electrospinning of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)solutions added with different quantities of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The results demonstratedthat TEOS concentrations in the range of 5–13 wt.% produced microfibre coatings of non-woven textilestructure with both good thermal stability and high permeability, representing a significant advantagein adsorption systems.In their paper, Rahmati et al. [11] proposed a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatingsgrown (by-layer structure constituted by MgO, MgF2 and Mg2SiO4 phases) on AZ31 Mg alloy in asilicate-based electrolyte containing KF using unipolar and bipolar waveforms. It was observed thatthe anti-corrosion properties of the coatings, evaluated in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, are mainly related tothe compact inner layer, evidencing that coatings produced by soft-sparking waveforms provided thehighest corrosion performance.In a further paper, Calabrese et al. [12] synthesized a super-hydrophobic surface with a coupledmicro- and nano-textured surface on a 6082-T6 aluminum substrate by using three different surfacepre-treatment approaches: (i) boiling water treatment, (ii) wet chemical etching in HNO3/HCl solution,(iii) wet chemical etching in HCl and HF solution. The most promising results were observed forthe HF-etched surface that showed a water contact angle (WCA) above 175◦. Finally, an interestingcorrelation between hydrophobic behavior and surface texture was addressed.Finally, in Pizzanelli et al. [13], nanocomposite films based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)and antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), both uncoated and surface-modified with an alkoxysilane,were prepared by solution casting at varying filler content (from 0.08% to 4.5%). The solar directtransmittance and the light transmittance, determined according to CEN EN 410/2011, clarified thatthe performance of these films is suitable to be applied as plastic layers in laminated glass for glazing.This Special Issue is useful for providing researchers who are approaching this application contextwith a profitable increase in knowledge, with the aim of giving valuable scientific support on possiblenew research paths concerning functional surface engineering design and tailoring.Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.References1. Hosseini, M.; Hamdy Makhlouf, A.S. Industrial Applications for Intelligent Polymers and Coatings; Springer:Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2016; ISBN 9783319268934.2. Bacela, J.; Łabowska, M.B.; Detyna, J.; Ziety, A.; Michalak, I. Functional coatings for orthodonticarchwires—A review. Materials 2020, 13, 3257. [CrossRef] [PubMed]3. Salaoru, I.; Maswoud, S.; Paul, S. Inkjet printing of functional electronic memory cells: A step forward togreen electronics. Micromachines 2019, 10, 417. [CrossRef] [PubMed]4. Guadagno, L.; Foglia, F.; Pantani, R.; Romero-Sanchez, M.D.; Calderón, B.; Vertuccio, L. Low-voltage icingprotection film for automotive and aeronautical industries. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1343. [CrossRef] [PubMed]5. Calabrese, L.; Brancato, V.; Bonaccorsi, L.; Frazzica, A.; Caprì, A.; Freni, A.; Proverbio, E. Development andcharacterization of silane-zeolite adsorbent coatings for adsorption heat pump applications. Appl. Therm. Eng.2017, 116, 364–371. [CrossRef]Coatings 2020, 10, 1017 3 of 36. June, Y.-G.; Jung, K.I.; Choi, M.; Lee, T.H.; Noh, S.M.; Jung, H.W. Effect of urethane crosslinking by blockedisocyanates with pyrazole-based blocking agents on rheological and mechanical performance of clearcoats.Coatings 2020, 10, 961. [CrossRef]7. Aranke, O.; Algenaid, W.; Awe, S.; Joshi, S. Coatings for automotive gray cast iron brake discs: A review.Coatings 2019, 9, 552. [CrossRef]8. Calabrese, L.; Proverbio, E. A brief overview on the anticorrosion performances of sol-gel zeolite coatings.Coatings 2019, 9, 409. [CrossRef]9. Fernández, A.G.; Cabeza, L.F. Anodic protection assessment using alumina-forming alloys in chloride moltensalt for CSP plants. Coatings 2020, 10, 138. [CrossRef]10. Frontera, P.; Kumita, M.; Malara, A.; Nishizawa, J.; Bonaccorsi, L. Manufacturing and assessment ofelectrospun PVP/TEOS microfibres for adsorptive heat transformers. Coatings 2019, 9, 443. [CrossRef]11. Rahmati, M.; Raeissi, K.; Toroghinejad, M.R.; Hakimizad, A.; Santamaria, M. Effect of pulse current mode onmicrostructure, composition and corrosion performance of the coatings produced by plasma electrolyticoxidation on AZ31 Mg alloy. Coatings 2019, 9, 688. [CrossRef]12. Calabrese, L.; Khaskhoussi, A.; Patane, S.; Proverbio, E. Assessment of super-hydrophobic textured coatingson AA6082 aluminum alloy. Coatings 2019, 9, 352. [CrossRef]13. Pizzanelli, S.; Forte, C.; Bronco, S.; Guazzini, T.; Serraglini, C.; Calucci, L. PVB/ATO nanocomposites for glasscoating applications: Effects of nanoparticles on the PVB matrix. Coatings 2019, 9, 247. [CrossRef]Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutionalaffiliations.© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open accessarticle distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Special Issue "Recent Developments on Functional Coatings for Industrial Applications"

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Special Issue "Recent Developments on Functional Coatings for Industrial Applications"

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