Sporisorium centrale sp. nov. (Ustilaginaceae, Ustilaginomycetes) is described and illustrated from Themeda triandra collected in the Northern Territory, Australia. It is compared with Sporisorium punctatum

Shivas, Roger G.

Vánky, Kálmán

English

Queensland DAF eResearch Archive

Fungal DiversityA new smut fungus, Sporisorium centrale sp. nov., on Themedafrom AustraliaRoger G. Shivas1* and Kalman Vanky2lQueensland Department of Primary Industries, Plant Pathology Herbarium, 80 Meiers Road,Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia2Herbarium Ustilaginales Vanky (HUV), Gabriel-Biel-Str. 5,0-72076 Tiibingen, GermanyShivas, R.G. and Vanky, K. (2002). A new smut fungus, Sporisorium centrale sp. nov., onThemeda from Australia. Fungal Diversity 11: 141-144.Sporisorium centrale sp. novo (Ustilaginaceae, Ustilaginomycetes) is described and illustratedfrom Themeda triandra collected in the Northern Territory, Australia. It is compared withSporisorium punctatum.Key words: Sporisorium punctatum, taxonomy, Ustilaginomycetes.IntroductionThe smut fungi on Themeda were revised by Vanky (1994) whorecognised 18 species in three genera and provided a key. Since then,Sporisorium exsertiformum Vanky (1995) and S. themedae-cymbariae Vanky(1997) have been described on Themeda. Examination of a smut funguscollected from central Australia in 1933 revealed that it was similar to S.punctatum (L. Ling) Vanky (1994) but sufficiently different to establish a newspecies, which is described and illustrated as follows.Sporisorium centrale R.G. Shivas & K. Vanky, sp. novo (Figs. 1-4)Typus in matrice Themeda triandra Forssk., Australia, Northern Territory, 29.IV.1933(BRlP 26820). Isotypi in PERTH 831034, HUV 19722.Sori spiculas omnes unius racemi occupantes, (aristae numquam visibiles), cylindrici, 1x 8-12 mm, glumis plerumque celati, peridio cinerascenti usque brunneolo tecti, columellasimplex, massa sporarum nigra, pulverea. Sporae maturae singulae, globosae, subglobosae,ovoideae usque subpolyedrice irregulares, 7.5-9 x 8-11 (-15) /-Im, rufobrunneae; parieteaequaliter, ca. 1.0 /-Im crasso, moderate dense, subtliter punctato. Cellulae steriles nonobservatae.Sori in all of the spikelets of a raceme (awns never seen), cylindrical, 1 x8-12 mm, mostly concealed by the glumes, covered by a thin grey to lightbrown peridium, columella one, stout, simple, spore mass black, powdery .• Corresponding author: Roger G. Shivas; e-mail: roger.shivas@dpi.qld.gov.au141Figs. 1-4. Sporisorium centrale (from holotype) 1. Sori in an infected raceme. 2. Spores in LM.3. Spores in SEM. 4. Surface ornamentation of spores in SEM. Bars: 1 = 5 mm; 2 = 10 ~m; 3,4 = 1 ~m.Spores when mature single, globose, subglobose, ovoid to subpolyhedrallyirregular, 7.5-9 x 8-11(-15) ~m, reddish-brown; wall even, ca. 1.0 ~m thick,moderately densely, finely punctate. Sterile cells not seen.Known only from the type collection in Australia.Notes: Sporisorium centrale closely resembles S. punctatum in sorus andspore morphology. One difference between these two species is that underNomarski interference light microscopy (LM) the spore wall of S. centrale isfinely punctate (Fig. 2), whereas that of S. punctatum (BPI 177245!) is finelypunctate-verruculose (Fig. 6). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showedthat the spore wall of S. centrale was covered only in coarse verrucae (Fig. 3).142Fungal DiversityFigs. 5-9. Sporisorium punctatum (from BPI 177245, holotype) 5. Sori in an infected raceme(arrow indicates awn of healthy spikelet). 6. Spores in LM. 7. Sterile cells and spores in LM. 8.Spores in SEM. 9. Surface ornamentation of spores in SEM. Bars: 5 = 5 mm; 6, 8 = 10 /lm; 7 =20 /lm; 9 = 1 /lm.The spore wall of S. punctatum comprised two types of ornamentation, namelymoderate densely, coarse verrucae interspersed with densely, minute verrucae(Figs. 8, 9).Sporisorium centrale appears to infect all spikelets in a raceme (Fig. 1),unlike racemes infected with S. punctatum that occasionally have awns,indicating uninfected spikelets (Fig. 5). The spores of S. centrale are reddish-brown, whereas those of S. punctatum are light brown. The peridium of S.centrale is much thinner than the peridium of S.punctatum.143AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to Desley Tree (Herbarium BRIP) who prepared the SEM photographsand to Don Barrett (University of Queensland) for assistance with the botanical Latin. Wethank the Director and Curator of Herbarium BPI (Beltsville, USA) for lending specimens.ReferencesVanky, K. (1994). Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. XI. Mycotaxon 51: 153-174.Vanky, K. (1995). Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. XIII. Mycotaxon 56: 197-216.Vanky, K. (1997). Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. xv. Mycotaxon 62: 127-150.(Received 26 March 2002; accepted 20 May 2002)144

A new smut fungus, Sporisorium centrale sp. nov., on Themeda from Australia

http://era.daf.qld.gov.au/10225/1/A%20new%20smut%20fungus%2C%20Sporisorium%20centrale%20sp.%20nov.%2C%20on%20Themeda%20from%20Australia.pdf

A new smut fungus, Sporisorium centrale sp. nov., on Themeda from Australia

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Queensland DAF eResearch Archive