Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. fue colectado parasitando la superficie corporal de Potamorhyna altamazonica (Cope, 1878) del lago Poción, en el complejo de lagos del Catalán, municipio de Iranduba, Amazonas, Brasil. La nueva especie se caracteriza por ductos ovígeros, extendidos a los lóbulos del caparazón, visibles en la hembra; un par de espinas en la porción anterior del cono bucal cerca de las mandíbulas; estructuras sexuales accesorias en forma de bandera en el 2º y 4º par de patas del macho; segunda pata con tres estructuras parecidas a una bandera y la tercera pata con una estructura en forma redondeada y ramas caudales con flechas largas

Brito Porto, Daniel

de Oliveira Malta, José Celso

Silva de Souza, Amanda Karen

Spanish

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 ISSN Versión impresa 2218-6425    ISSN Versión Electrónica 1995-1043Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-jun:71-78.ORIGINAL ARTICLE / ARTÍCULO ORIGINALA NEW SPECIES OF BRANCHIURA (CRUSTACEA: MAXILLOPODA) FISH PARASITE FROM THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONUNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE BRANCHIURA (CRUSTACEA: MAXILLOPODA) PARÁSITA DE PECES DE LA AMAZONIA BRASILEÑALaboratório de Parasitologia de Peixes/ Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA. Campus II, Av. André Araújo, 2.936 - Petrópolis - CEP 69.067-375 - Manaus – Amazonas, Brasil.Tel. +55(92) 3643-3613*corresponding author: atjsouza15@gmail.comABSTRACTArgulus ybatecobe n. sp. was collected parasitizing the body surface of Potamorhina altamazonica (Cope, 1878) (Curimatidae) from Lake Poción, in the complex of lakes of Catalán, municipality of Iranduba, Amazonas, Brazil. The new species is characterized by ovigerous ducts, extended to the lobes of the carapace, visible in the female; a pair of spines in the anterior portion of the buccal cone near the jaws; nd thaccessory sexual structures in the form of a flag in the 2  and 4  pair of legs of the male; second leg with three structures similar to a flag and the third leg with a rounded structure and caudal branches with long arrows. Neotropical Helminthology 71*Amanda Karen Silva de Souza ; Daniel Brito Porto & José Celso de Oliveira MaltaKey words: Argulidae – sh parasites – River SolimõesRESUMOArgulus ybatecobe n. sp. foi coletado parasitando a superfície corporal de Potamorhyna altamazonica (Cope, 1878) do lago Poção, no complexo de lagos do Catalão, município de Iranduba, Amazonas, Brasil.  A nova espécie é caracterizada por dutos ovígeros, estendidos aos lóbulos da carapaça, visíveis na fêmea; um par de espinhos na porção anterior do cone bucal próximo às mandíbulas; estruturas sexuais acessórias em forma de bandeira no 2º e 4º par de pernas do macho; segunda perna com três estruturas parecidas com uma bandeira e a terceira perna com uma estrutura em forma arredondada e ramos caudais com setas longas.Palavras-chave: Argulidae – parasitas de peixes – Rio Solimões72Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-junINTRODUCTIONRESUMENArgulus ybatecobe n. sp. fue colectado parasitando la superficie corporal de Potamorhyna altamazonica (Cope, 1878) del lago Poción, en el complejo de lagos del Catalán, municipio de Iranduba, Amazonas, Brasil. La nueva especie se caracteriza por ductos ovígeros, extendidos a los lóbulos del caparazón, visibles en la hembra; un par de espinas en la porción anterior del cono bucal cerca de las mandíbulas; estructuras sexuales accesorias en forma de bandera en el 2º y 4º par de patas del macho; segunda pata con tres estructuras parecidas a una bandera y la tercera pata con una estructura en forma redondeada y ramas caudales con flechas largas.complex, Iranduba municipality, Amazonas, Brazil, located between the Negro and Solimões rivers (03 º 010'04"S; 59 º 054`45" W). Samples were collected in November 2016, license SISBIO-6531958 and CEUA – 036/2016. Fishes were harvested with gill netting. Argulids were removed, fixed in 70 % ethanol and studied by light and stereo microscopy.Temporary glycerin slides were prepared.  All measurements are in millimeters. Drawings were made in light microscope Olympus BH-2 with camera lucid. Types, fixed in 70% ethanol, were deposited in the non-insect Invertebrate Collection of the National Research Institute of Amazonia (Female - INPA CR 2291 and Male – INPA CR 2292) Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.Argulus ybatecobe n. sp.  Material examined – Holotype adult female (INPA - CR 2291 and male INPA - CR 2292) from the body surface of Potamorhyna altamazonica Cope, 1878, from Catalão floodplain lakes complex, located between the Negro and Solimões rivers 0 003 10`04” S 59 54`45” W, State of Amazonas, Brazil. Female (Figs. 1 – 11)Total length 2.8 (Figs. 1 and 2). Elongated body. Carapace's translucent beige surface with ovigerous ducts of dense, irregular and brown Branchiura are ectoparasites both able to attach to the freshwater fish species slippery bodies and swim freely to find themselves another host. Nearly 210 species are known and they belong to four genera: Argulus Muller, 1785; Dolops Audouin, 1837; Chonopeltis Thiele 1900 and Dipteropeltis Calman, 1912 (Martin & Davis, 2001). Branchiura are ectoparasites mainly found on freshwater fish and yet some species of Argulus have been described on marine fishes. There are scattered reports on Branchiura species being found on tadpoles, salamanders and even alligators (Ringuelet, 1943; Piasecki & Avenant-Oldewage, 2008).Thirteen Argulus species occur in Brazil (Malta, 1998; Luque et al., 2013). Five of them, namely: A. multicolor Stekhoven, 1937; A. pestifer Ringuelet, 1948; A. juparanaensis Lemos de Castro, 1950; A. amazonicus Malta & Silva, 1986; A. chicomendesi Malta & Varella, 2000 (Malta, 1982; 1983;1984; 1998; Malta & Silva 1986; Malta & Varella, 2000), have been reported in the Amazon. The present study includes a description of one new species from the Amazon, Brazil.One female and one male of Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. collected in Lake Poção, in the Catalão Palabras clave: Argulidae – parásitos de peces – Río SolimõesMATERIAL AND METHODSRESULTSSouza et al. 73Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-junall segments bearing short setae; fourth segment terminating in group of apical spines. Pair of post-antennal spines rounded on ventral surface of cephalothorax on either side of midline.First maxilla forming large suction cups; supporting rods with 4 - 7 sclerites (Figure 12), rod elements similar in form; rim of suction cups with a fringe of setae from anterolateral portion. Second maxillae (Figure 11) with of 5 segments; basal plate ornamented with 3 posteriorly directed sharp teeth and long antero-lateral process, 4 - 5 conical ndspines in basal segment nodule; 2  segment with rdpectinated scales in the mid-distal portion; 3  and th4th segments very short, with pectinated scales; 5  segment with a spine and two conical structures with rounded edges (Figs. 8 and 9).Retractile pre-oral spine, without scales, located midway between maxillary suckers. Mouth tube of moderate length, usually not reaching thoracic accessory spines, bearing a pair of simple spines on its anterior margin. Denticulate mandibles visible within mouth-tube (Figure 2). Pair of accessory spines located between maxillae (Figure 2) and pair of thoracic spines posterior to ththe maxillae (Figure 2). First to 4  pair of legs are biramous (Figure 6) and nearly equal-sized; sympods 2-segmented (precoxa, coxa, basis, exopod, and endopod) exopods and endopods with plumose setae; no flagellum; legs with simple scales in the middle ventral portion, rami bearing thlong plumose setae. Natatory lobe on 4  leg (coxopodite expansion) with five plumose setae. Male (Figures 12 - 16) Total length 2.92 mm. Surface of translucent beige carapace, but with a softer and dense coloration than that in females. Carapace heart-shaped, slightly more wide than long. Carapace length 1.42 mm (Table 1). Frontal region (Figure 12) more defined than in females. Lateral lobes broadly rounded (Figure 12) separated by large V-shaped sinus less than 1/2 the length of the carapace similar to females'. Similar duct structure smaller and less dense than female's. Respiratory areas (Figure 7) visible only in the ventral region of the carapace. Thorax (Figure 12) smaller, narrower and less prominent than the females' with four well defined somites. Dorsal surface with two irregular color, the structure of which resembles a tree (Figs. 1 and 2). Carapace more long than wide.  Carapace length 1.7, total length / carapace length (tl / cl) 1.6 ratio. Absent side grooves. Edge of suction cups visible in dorsal view (Figures 1 and 2). Well defined interocular ribs. Large paired compound eyes in anterior third of the body (Figure 1). Nauplius eye located on dorsal surface near the center of carapace. Ventral surface of anterior frontal region armed with numerous, similar-sized sharply pointed regularly arranged spines beyond anterior margin of larger respiratory area (Figure 7).Lateral lobes broadly rounded, extending ndposteriorly to cover base of 2  pair of legs (Figures 1 and 2) separated by large V-shaped sinus less than 1/2 the length of the carapace. Carapace length / width (cl/w) ratio of 0.9. Respiratory areas consist of a smaller, anterior ovoid “area ” and a larger, posterior "J-shaped" “area” (Figure 7) gently defined on the ventral surface of the lobes, little visible in dorsal view. Thorax (Figs. 1 and 2) distended with large eggs and smooth indistinctly 4-segmented ventral surface. Dorsal surface displaying three longitudinal bands, the two lateral ones being formed by irregular patches and the central one with no patches.Abdomen more long than wide, length (Figs. 1 and 2) 0.73 and width 0.39. Posterior lobes taper into sharp tips, separated by sinus, encompassing nearly 55% of total abdomen length. Spinules in the dorsal and ventral portions located below the spermathecae. Caudal rami long, slender, basal in anal sinus  Paired spermathecae small and . orbicular (Figs. 1 and 2).First antenna (Figure 10) comprising 2 sections; the first section is 2-segmented, the broad proximal and, the slender distal one with a large spine; and the second section is 4-segmented with setae. First segment bearing a large rounded posterior spine and two rounded elevations; second segment possessing anterior spine with small hook; slender hook-like terminal spine; two rounded medial spines. Distal section of antenna comprising 4 segments; terminal section with group of apical spines. Second antenna (Figure 10) 4-segmented; first segment with inconspicuous posterior spine; A new species of Branchiura of the Brazilian Amazon74Figures 1 – 2. Argulus ybatecobe sp. n.; 1 – Dorsal female; 2 – Ventral female (Bar=1.0mm).Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-jun Souza et al. 75sinus lanceolate on posterior extremities. Well defined posterior sinus, with about 42% of the total length of the abdomen. Large caudal. On each side of the midline of the abdomen there are pigments forming small dark spots.First to fourth pair of biramous legs (swimming legs, thoracic legs, thoracopods, pereopods) are nearly equal-sized; sympods 2-segmented longitudinal bands, the lateral ones being formed by small circular patches less evident than the female's.Abdomen (Figure 12) rectangular slightly more long than wide. Abdomen width 0.39. Abdomen length 0.91. Pair of well-defined testicles in the same format as the abdomen, occupying nearly 90% of the abdominal area. Lobes with the anal Figures 3-11. Argulus ybatecobe sp. n., 3 – respiratory area (Bar=1.0mm); 4 – 7 legs female (Bar=1.0mm); 8 – maxilla 1(Bar=0.1mm); 9 maxilla 2 (Bar=1.0mm); 10 – distal portion maxilla 2 (Bar=0.1mm); and 11 - Antennas.Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-jun A new species of Branchiura of the Brazilian Amazon910 1176of legs include a strong anterior projection with a median aperture having the inner "U" shape covering the gonopore Natatory lobes are short . and rectangular bearing four plumose setae. Area of attachment: body surface, fins base, gills and buccal cavities.Etymology: The specific name Argulus ybatecobe refers to the structure that resembles a tree formed by ducts in the carapace lobes, where eggs are stored, the name derives from the Tupi-Guarani language (ybá = tree + tecobe = life), tree of life.(precoxa, coxa, basis, exopod, and endopod) exopods and endopods with plumose setae (Figure 13 - 16). First pair of legs like the females. nd rd thSecondary sexual modifications on 2 , 3  and 4  pair of legs. Accessory copulatory structures on second leg consist of three flag-like protrusions (Figure 14 and 15). Third leg with one rounded flag-like protrusion (Figure 16). Fourth leg with peg process on anterior side modified at the point of opposition of the cup-shaped elevation (accessory copulatory structure). Modifications of the male's fourth pair Figures 12 – 16: 12 – Dorsal male Argulus ybatecobe sp. n. (Bar=1.0mm); Legs Male, 13- leg 1; 14 – leg 2; 15 – leg 3; and 16 – leg 4(Bar=1.0mm). Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-jun Souza et al. 77DISCUSSION spines in the anterior portion near the mouth, nd rd thaccessory flag-like sexual structures on 2  3 , 4  legs. Second leg has three flag-like structures and the third leg one rounded flag-like structure in the male. Caudal rami with long setae and a pair of spines in the anterior portion near the mouth.Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. is the sixth species of the genus Argulus cited for the Amazon. Argulus ybatecobe is like A. chicomendesi Malta & Varella, 2000. But it differs because it is smaller,  by the presence of spines in the ventral region of the carapace between the first and second maxilla, in the form of respiratory areas, in the accessory copulatory structure of the second, third and fourth legs of the male and in the tree-shaped ovigerous ducts,, evident in the lobes of the carapace.ndAccessory sexual structures in flag-like form on 2  rd th3 , 4  legs also occurred in two other species, A. ernsti Weibezahn & Cobo, 1964 from Venezuela, two flag-like structures in flag-like form ion the second and two in the third pair of legs with different shapes (Weibezahn & Cobo, 1964). And A. smalei Avennant-Oldewage & Oldewage, 1995 ndfrom South Africa, on posterior face of 2  leg flat disc covered by pectinate scales. Two bulbous and flag-like protrusions covered by scales on anterior rdface of 3  leg (Avennant-Oldewage & Oldewage, 1995). On Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. the structures on second leg consist of three flag-like protusions and, on the third leg one rounded flag-like protrusion.The mouth tube of Argulus fryeri Rushton-Mellor, 1994 from Lake Turkana, Kenya, Africa, bears a pair of accessory spines located posterior to mouth-tube. Argulus gracilis Rushton-Mellor, 1994 from Lake Tanganyika exhibits a pair of accessory spines located on either side of labium (Rushton-Mellor, 1994). Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. also displays a pair of simple spines on its anterior margin of mouth tube.Carapace slightly more long than broad like A. pestifer Ringuelet, 1948. But partly covering the second pair of legs in A. ybatecobe being like A. chicomendesi (Malta & Varella, 2000). In Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. duct is seen to store eggs (observed for egg storage) in the carapace lobes, a unique characteristic not observed in other species already described.Argulus ybatecobe n. sp. is characterized by ovigerous ducts, extending to the carapace lobes, visible in the female. By the presence of a pair of Avenant-Oldewage, A & Oldewage, WH. 1995. A new species of Argulus (Crustacea: Branchiura) from a bony fish in Algoa Bay, South Africa. South African Journal of Zoology, vol. 30, pp. 197-199.Luque, JL, Vieira, FM, Takemoto, RM, Pavanelli, GC & Eiras, JC. 2013. Checklist of Crustacea parasitizing fishes of Brazil. Checklist, vol. 9, pp. 1449–1470. Malta, JCO. 1982. Os argulídeos (Crustacea: Argulidae) da Amazônia brasileira, 2. Aspectos da ecologia de Dolops geayi Bouvier, 1899 e Argulus juparanaensis Lemos de Castro, 1950. Acta Amazonica, vol. 12, pp. 701-705.Malta, JCO. 1983. Os argulídeos (Crustacea: Argulidae) da Amazônia brasileira. Aspectos da ecologia de Argulus multicolor Stekhoven, 1899 e A. pestifer Ringuelet, 1948. Acta Amazonica, vol. 13, pp. 489-496.Malta, JCO. 1984. Os peixes de um lago de várzea da Amazônia Central (lago Janauacá, rio Solimões) e suas relações com os crustáceos ectoparasitas (Branchiura: Argulidae). Acta Amazonica, vol. 14, pp. 355-372.Malta, JCO & Silva, ENS. 1986. Argulus amazonicus n. sp., crustáceo parasito de p e i x e s  d a  A m a z ô n i a  b r a s i l e i r a  (Branchiura: Argulidae). Amazoniana, vol. 9, pp. 485-492.Malta, JCO. 1998. Maxilipoda – Branchiura. In: Young, Y. (Ed). Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 67-74.Malta, JCO & Varella, AMB. 2000. Argulus chicomendesi n. sp.  (Crustacea: Argulidae) parasita de peixes da Amazônia brasileira. Acta amazonica, vol. 30, pp. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCESNeotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-jun A new species of Branchiura of the Brazilian Amazon78(Crustacea: Branchiura) in Africa: two new species, A. fryeri and A. gracilis, the previously undescribed male of A. brachypeltis Fryer and the identity of the male described as A. ambloplites Wilson. Systematic Parasitology, vol.28, pp. 23-31.Weibezahn, FH & Cobo, T. 1964. Seis argulidos (Crustacea: Branchiura) parásitos de peces dulce-acuícolas en Venezuela, con descripción de una nueva especie del genero  Argu lus .  Ac ta  B io log ica  Venezuelica, vol. 4, pp. 119–144.481–498. Martin, W & Davis, GE. 2001. An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Contributions in Science Series 39, pp. 1-124.Piasecki, WT & Avenant-Oldewage, A. 2008. Diseases caused by Crustacea. In: Eiras J, Segner J, Wahli T & Kapoor, BG. Fish disease. Science Publisher, Enfield, NH. pp. 1113–1198. Ringuelet, R. 1943. Revision de los Argúlidos Argentinos (Crustacea, Branchiura): con el catálogo de las especies Neotropicales. Revista del Museo de la Plata. Seccion Zoologia, vol. 3, pp. 43-99.Rushton-Mellor, SK. 1994.  The genus Argulus Received February 22, 2018.Accepted April 6, 2018.Neotropical Helminthology, 2018, 12(1), ene-jun Souza et al. 

UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE BRANCHIURA (CRUSTACEA: MAXILLOPODA) PARÁSITA DE PECES DE LA AMAZONIA BRASILEÑA

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UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE BRANCHIURA (CRUSTACEA: MAXILLOPODA) PARÁSITA DE PECES DE LA AMAZONIA BRASILEÑA

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