Introduction: Alzheimer's disease, which is a progressive disease accompanied by behavioral problems and decreased activities of daily living with early cognitive decline, and vascular dementia, which is related to cerebrovascular lesions with gradual, progressive cognitive decline, are common in the elderly. Currently, pathological examination is the gold standard in both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia and studies to elucidate the role of cytokines in their pathophysiology using cerebrospinal fluid and serum biological markers have been intensified. In this study, cerebrospinal fluid and serum biomarker levels from both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia patients were examined