Objective of this study: Contribute to the knowledge of ecological and epidemiological aspects of flavivirus and its vectors in urban and rural areas of Paraguay.CONACYT – Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Cardozo  Segovia, Fátima María

Mendoza, Laura Patricia

Rojas Segovia, Alejandra María

English

Repositorio Institucional CONACYT

INTRODUCTION Cardozo F.1*, Mendoza L. 1, Rojas A.2, Páez M. 2, Guillén Y., Velilla M.3, Lesterhuis A.3, Yanosky A. 3, Martínez N.4, Torales M.4, Aguayo N.4, Ferreira L.4, Vallejos M.A.5, Herebia L.5, Contigiani M.S.6, Diaz L.A.6, Franco L.7  1 Principal Investigator, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción (IICS, UNA), Paraguay  2 IICS, UNA, Paraguay, 3 Guyra Paraguay  4 Servicio Nacional de Erradicación del Paludismo (SENEPA), MSP-BS, Paraguay, 5 Instituto de Previsión Social, Paraguay   6 Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina  7 Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios para la Salud, Panamá E-mail of the poster presenter: fati.cardozo@hotmail.com Financial support: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) - Paraguay EXPECTED RESULTS OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY  MATERIALS AND  METHODS The Flavivirus genus includes 53 viral species, they represent a public health problem, among them, the most important in the world are dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV), among others 1,2.  They are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, they can cause serious conditions such as encephalitis, haemorrhagic fevers, hepatitis and also febrile diseases in humans 2,3. To establish and maintain a transmission cycle there are three essential factors: the virus, the arthropod, and vertebrates 4.  The flaviviruses that have been detected in Paraguay are DENV, YFV and ZIKV 5-7. There are still no reports of other flavivirus circulation in our country. Paraguay is a site that has the appropriate conditions to allow the circulation of other flaviviruses detected in Brazil and Argentina 8-14, since a great diversity of bird15 and mosquito species have been observed in the country that could act as reservoirs and vectors of these diseases.  ECOLOGICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FLAVIVIRUSES AND THEIR VECTORS IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF PARAGUAY São Paulo School of Advanced Science in Arbovirology  FAMERP - São José do Rio Preto - SP - Brazil May 29th to June 9th   VIRUS : DENV, WNV, SLEV,  YFV, RV, ILHV, ZIKV  RESERVOIR: vertebrate host (Birds, mammals, primates, etc.) TERMINAL GUEST: humans, equines, etc. VIRUS DENV (Dengue virus), SLEV (Saint Louis encephalitis virus),  RV (Rocio virus), WNV (West Nile virus),  YFV (Yellow Fever virus),  ILHV (Ilheus virus), ZIKV (Zika virus) Transmission cycle           VECTOR: blood-sucking arthropods (Mosquitoes, ticks, etc.) Contribute to the knowledge of ecological and epidemiological aspects of flavivirus and its vectors in urban and rural areas of Paraguay. Three populations will be studied: 1. Human population: 200 sera from individuals with suspected infection  by DENV. 2. Mosquito population: 8 collections in total: 4 collections in rural areas in the 4 seasons and 4 collections in urban areas (Asuncion) in the 4 seasons. 3. Bird population: 8 collections total: 4 collections in rural areas in the 4 seasons and 4 collections in urban areas (Asuncion) in the 4 seasons. Associated Institutions DIRECT TECHNIQUES: Prevalence of viral genome detection       INDIRECT TECHNIQUES: Seroprevalence antibody detection       Two different techniques will be applied: RT-nested PCR Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) Neutralizing  antibodies (WNV, SLEV) Flavivirus genome,  SLEV, WNV, etc. BIRDS SERA MOSQUITO POOLS  FEBRILE HUMAN SERA      Through the study of 3 populations:   a. Human: identified the cases of infection by other flavivirus than Dengue, variants of Flavivirus circulating and compared to those detected in the region. b. Mosquitoes from rural and urban areas: identify the species of mosquitoes infected by flavivirus, the viral species, recognize variants of Flavivirus circulating in our country, compared to those detected in the region and identify seasonal variation of mosquitos species. c. Birds of rural and urban areas: identify the bird species that could act as potential hosts of the flavivirus analyzed and recognize seasonal variation of birds’ species. 1) Simmonds, P., Becher, B., Bukh, J., Gould, E.A., Meyers, G., Monath, T., Muerhoff, S., Pletnev, A., Rico-Hesse, R., Smith, D.B., Stapleton, J.T., and ICTV Report Consortium. 2017, ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profiles: Flaviviridae, Journal of General Virology, 98:2-3. 2) Burke DS, Monath TP Flaviviruses. In: Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors. Fields virology. 4th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p. 1043–126. 3) Contigiani MS. VIROLOGIA. Flaviviridae. En: Microbiología Biomédica: bacteriología, micología, virología, parasitología, inmunología. 2da ed. Buenos Aires: Editorial Atlante S.R.L.; 2010. p. 905-9.  4) Weaver SC, Barrett ADT. Transmission cycles, host range, evolution and emergence of arboviral disease. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004;2(10):789-801. 5)Paraguay. MSPyBS - Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud. Virus Zika en Paraguay. Boletín epidemiológico 2016; 45:1-16. 6) Paraguay. MSPyBS - Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud. Dengue. Datos actualizados. Boletín epidemiológico 2011; 49: 1-13. 7) Paraguay. MSPyBS - Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud. Dengue. Boletín epidemiológico 2013; 50:1-16 8) Tauro L, Marino B, Diaz LA, Lucca E, Gallozo D, Spinsanti L, et al. Serological detection of St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile virus in equines from Santa Fe, Argentina. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012;107(4):553-6. 9)  Diaz LA, Komar N, Visintin A, Juri MJD, Stein M, Allende RL, et al. West Nile Virus in Birds, Argentina. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14(4):689-91. 10) Pauvolid-Corrêa A, Morales MA, Levis S, Figueiredo LTM, Couto-Lima D, Campos Z, et al. Neutralising antibodies for West Nile virus in horses from Brazilian Pantanal. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2011;106(4):467-74. 11) Pereira LE, Suzuki A, Coimbra TL, de Souza RP, Chamelet EL. [Ilheus arbovirus in wild birds (Sporophila caerulescens and Molothrus bonariensis)]. Rev Saúde Pública. 2001;35(2):119-23.  12) Díaz LA, Albrieu Llinás G, Vázquez A, Tenorio A, Contigiani MS. Silent Circulation of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Prior to an Encephalitis Outbreak in Cordoba, Argentina (2005). PLoS Negl Trop Dis [Internet]. 2012. 13) Guerreiro S, Pinheiro O, Anilton F, Carício L, Oliveira J, Freitas D, et al. Epidemiology of Saint Louis encephalitis virus in the Brazilian Amazon region and in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil: elevated prevalence of antibodies in horses. Rev Pan-Amaz Saude. 2010;1(1):81-6. 14)Terzian ACB, Mondini A, de Moraes Bronzoni RV, Drumond BP, Ferro BP, Cabrera EMS, et al. Detection of Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus in Dengue-Suspected Cases During a Dengue 3 Outbreak. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010;11(3):291-300.  15) Hugo del Castillo, Robert P Clay. Atlas de aves del Paraguay. Paraguay: Atlas; 2006.    References 

Ecological and epidemiological aspects of flaviviruses and their vectors in urban and rural areas of Paraguay

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Ecological and epidemiological aspects of flaviviruses and their vectors in urban and rural areas of Paraguay

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