Mitcham, Elizabeth

Neven, Lisa G.

Undetermined

ScholarsArchive@OSU

III. Stone Fruita. Biology1. Codling Moth - CherriesHeat as a Potential Alternative Quarantine Treatment for Codling Moth inCherries: The Shocking TruthLisa G. Neven Elizabeth MitchamUSDA-ARS Dept. PomologyYakima, WA UC Davis98902 Davis, CA 95616'Bing' cherries were heat treated using both hot water dips and vapor forcedair. Hot water dips consisted of 45, 47, 49 °C treatments for durations of 5 to 40minutes. Vapor forced air treatments ranged from 45 to 49 °C for 10 to 75minutes with a humidity of approximately 100%. Following heat treatments fruitwere either hydrocooled or cooled with forced air. Fruit were cold stored for at0± 1 °C for 1 to 4 weeks. Fruit were assessed for stem condition, pitting, decay,external injury, external color, firmness, soluble solids and titratable acidity. Ingeneral, heat treatments resulted in a decrease in fruit firmness. No significantdifferences in fruit color or soluble solids were detected. However, fruit titratableacidity decreased with heat treatments. There was no differences in color,firmness, sugar, or acidity in hydrocooled fruit versus forced air cooled fruit. Fruittreated with gibberellic acid withstood the heat treatments much better than thosewhich were not. Hot water dips resulted in more fruit pitting and external damagethan hot air treatments. Vapor forced air treatments resulted in some stembrowning. However, when compared to methyl bromide treated fruit, this appearsto be within the range of acceptable quality parameters.Concomitant with the fruit quality research, infested cherries were heattreated to assess the effects on codling moth mortality. A heat treatment of 47 °Cfor 20 minutes resulted in 27% mortality whereas an additional 5 minutes oftreatment at that temperature resulted in 100% mortality. Fruit subjected to thistreatment showed no decay, slight pitting, moderate stem browning and fewscalded fruit after 1 week of cold storage plus 2 days at 20°C. Also, a treatmentof 45 °C for 60 minutes resulted in 100% codling moth mortality. This treatmentresulted in no significant decay, very slight pitting, moderate stem browning andfew scalded fruit. These results indicate that heat treatments may provide a viablealternative quarantine treatment for sweet cherries.8788EFFECTS OF HEATING INFESTED CHERRIES ON CODLING MOTH MORTALITYTREATMENTTEMPDURATIONGA% MORT± SEMNON-GA% MORT± SEM47°C 20 MIN. 22.7 ± 5.7 27.2 ± 7.147°C 25 MIN. 100 ± 0 100 ± 045°C 60 MIN. 100 ± 0 98.2 ± 1.5Cherries were infested with 5th instar larvae of codling moth.4 replicates of 50 larvae per treatment.50 larvae for each experiment served as controls.% MORT is Abbott's corrected mortality.Vapor Heat Treatment at 45°C(113°F)0 20 40 60 80Time (minutes)100Fruit #1Fruit #2Fruit #3Chamber

Heat as a potential alternative quarantine treatment for codling moth in cherries : the shocking truth

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Heat as a potential alternative quarantine treatment for codling moth in cherries : the shocking truth

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