Connelly, June

Halbert, Susan E.

Johnston, Richard L.

Undetermined

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Section 1. Mites and Sap Sucking InsectsCategory. Biology, Virus TransmissionBARLEY YELLOW DWARF VIRUS INFECTIVITY OF APHIDS COLLECTED IN IDAHOSusan Halbert, June Connelly, and Richard JohnstonSW Idaho R/E Center, Rt. 2, Box 2126, Parma, ID 83660At least eight species of aphids regularly infest small grain insouthwestern Idaho. In addition, many other species which normallyinfest other Gramineae may occasionally feed on grain. Most of thesespecies have been reported as vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)(Jedlinski, 1981) but only a few are considered to be important vectors.The objective of this research was to sample natural populations ofaphids in southwestern Idaho and determine what percentage of them wereviruliferous.Aphids used in the assays were collected in two different ways ineach of three years. First, samples were collected directly from grassesand other crops, taking only one aphid per plant. Second, aphids werecollected in a suction trap at Parma adapted for live collection. Assayswere done by caging aphids singly on "California Red" oat indicatorplants and allowing them to feed for 48 to 72 hours. After transmissionaccess, the plants were sprayed. They were held in the greenhouse for3-4 weeks and observed for symptom expression.Aphids representing eight different species were collected from theirhost plants and tested for BYDV transmission (Table 2). Of these,RhopaBo&iphum padi. SLtobLon auenae. Rkopaio&iphum maidi*, WetopoBophiumdirhodum. Schizaphi* gtxuninwn and Wacrotiphurn eupkorbiae all transmittedBYDV at least occasionally, ftiuraplii* noxia (595 tested) and SiphaeSe^an.6 (31 tested) did not transmit. One species, Ibiuraphi* frequent,which regularly colonizes wheat, was never abundant enough for a sampleto be collected for an assay.Among those aphids assayed from suction trap collections, R.padiwas collected in highest numbers and transmitted BYDV most consistently(Table 2). Other common aphids on grain and corn which transmitted BYDVin these assays included /?. maidi&.Tn. dirhodum. and W. euphorbiae. Tenspecies of aphids which normally infest other possible hosts of BYDV werealso tested. Of these, RkopaiosLphum intertum transmitted BYDVconsistently, and CerurapkU eriophori transmitted it once (63 tested).Table 1. Barley yellow dwarf infectivity of aphids collected from plants in southwesternIdaho. 1985-1987.1985 1986 1987Species Host # tested % trans # tested % trans # tested % transRhopaiotiphumpadicorn, wintergrain 1442 1.3 1186 0.7 1243 2.0Sitobion auenae corn, springwheat 408 1.2 390 0.0 332 1.8Rhopaiotlphummaiditwinter grain,barnyard grass 158 26.0 194 9.8 964 14.3THetopoiophiumdirhodiumcorn,spring wheat - - 31 0.0 64 4.7Schizaphi*Qramlnum spring wheat - - 32 0.0 112 13.4TtiuraphUnoxla wheat, barley - - - - 595 0.0TUacrotiphum.euphorbiae corn 828 0.5 212 0.0 320 0.3Sipha el'eyarn* spring wheat - - 31 0.0 - -Table 2. Transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus by aphids collected in asuction trap. Parma, ID.1985 1985 1987# tested % trans # tested % trans # tested % transRhopaiotlphum padi 980 6.0 2360 6.9 216 4.2Rhopaiotlphum maidU 47 6.4 22 0.0 25 4.0Rhopaiotlphum Intertum 94 4.3 61 3.3 • 24 0.0TUetopolophium dirhodum 88 0.0 4 0.0 39 1.6Sitobion auenae 6 0.0 - - 8 0.0Wacrotlphum euphorbiae 26 3.8 24 4.2 25 4.0Schizaphit ^ramlnum - - - - 4 0.0ZbiuraphU noxla - - - - 4 0.0Reference:Jedlinski, H. M. C. 1981. Plant Disease 65:975-978

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Infectivity of Aphids Collected in Idaho

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Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Infectivity of Aphids Collected in Idaho

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