Published in American Lumberman, May 22, 1937

Erickson, E. C. O.

Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.)

Luxford, R. F. (Ronald Floyd), 1889-

Undetermined

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FOREST PRODUCES LAY3ORATORYLIBRARYU. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest 5eTvltsFOREST PRODUCTS LABORATOR YIn cooperation with the Univwsity of Wisconsi AMADISON, WIS 01 SINBy R. F. LUXFORDSenior EngineerandE . C . O. ERICKSO NAssociate EngineerFOREST RESEARCH LABORATORYLiBRARYBEHAVIOR OF FRAME CONSTRUCTIO NIN THE 1937 OHIO RIVER FLOODPublished inAMERICAN LUMBERMANMay 22, 1937riI -A . -I	-3•iURLUniid	i.AVofigg0RYLith ARYBy R . F . =FORD, Senior Enginee randE . C . 0 . ERICISON, Associate Engineer-As a part of its general researches on the moo r• : efficient utili -zation of the nation's timber-- resources, the i'oarest. Products Laboratory i sparticularly interested in st t i.ag the perfer n .e . ef-frame s ; u tares, = wthat the serviceebil4 .ty of woe,d' Ee ry be impro*eel, T .e. 'L eTa tthereforestudied the damage ea.u:sled to frame costru :ierr b {t_he.0o.a flood o f1937, and made a brief I +sOectiorr of a few tti:y• fIg•Od.-40maAd houses .in Louisville, Ky ., and Jefeers.*vil1e, Ind .The inspection included : (1) Houses that had b• a su j' -~^	t overy high waters and stro	currents with r.esu' tang st'ss tural .,t ,and (2) houses in som,ewk t ,bLghe' areas wheme the mater reached o afew feet above the first floor, with little or iwo s-tructur a. damaglIve-suiting, although the damage caused by long-continued•.ac a1ng wa V n=siderable .The hm4aere	-	'. . ty uvi1l :e, that lead bum wm.RoM97ex"~"~i' th'M	-t.O; } '. 1 low-cost one--story type. - iefoundations w	either tirer ~'' : • :s ; or piers of cexacrete, brick ., o rstone . Only a few had a concrete,wall foundation with b s•e em-t, .of these houses had been h'	from their foundations ;, des .a., 4'-J_ ; t?1house. . 4o d bee	= c_	. =	r~	merged were. of a s:	. lie Ct, `	.niiTferr r . -	Ctura ]'PILO	e:The primary cause of the structural damage in these submerged . . .	'houses was nonuniform bearing, as a result of the shifting of the hous efrom its foundation . Lack of sufficient anchorage was primarily respon -sible for the houses being shifted . In most of the houses that had beenshifted, overturned, or even floated away, in fact, no evidence of any an-chorage whatever could be found . Where anchorage was found in housesthat had shifted, it was entirely inadequate and much below whatordinary good building practice would call for .The following are examples of insufficient anchorage observed :1 . Wood posts driven only about l g inches into the ground ,The buoyant effect of the water and the force of the current were suffi -cient to lift the house and pull the posts from the ground, the post sremaining attached to the building .R1170hIousat faipealialett5t. ,5 . ''IeWtOatling ofbow taxi entg* f.r,Ai -aPageg.b. Uat'.ttthat *a lliergavarfill& alias, Araof*inrta.u.m es, bbqy-StAi't .,. . 0141 which were anchoof_ttuailta-7-Vit-. 4 , throug h till e house,7.13,"4 1-4i:1 m were no)J2r, pierOllwere left, the■ l6*19Pitsld the, floated away ,-tvIlig.1 'round. ..=F .A r- F.	14'1,I . =A.lakgtla IT.d housL-1em, frIPiom d3maged*lpers,and in-e 101Iff	-	•	1 .	J t	--	-	i	F,-	t	1	, •mort .i.leinto wood pla	The ho	apparen .	sys	sills aotherwted fr.t •r_3 . rlTyint--tl' lihes or evrfi d Lato..-.tilia+ ?J.%- (Ifstraps leer a . f :--,	terfrom it* faun do .,	'u .4 *o aiOrsui' 146:Athous1;'"-	, ,::, ,Lir, :,'L . . , L .N.T4did,, !disci "0: _	z- 12o	Ell... . .-The gtottratV .smatIrey .At tiria,di'lbraith. damageindi tat av. 'tth at Alta t of th.,ls4elte40141ilal- blialitawe c-	ion prinCipl4iniaa. besweetrant 44. •cs■aii*e Um ' anchoringfoi	**id.	frtiaa -taking thtlg%Satli.0 .". . .,	-	■-	. lor	1	 :	ervatl	tre&L'yleast	inche-Pap.	,moIII ~: : ..,.,inis-sible ) tiiQotand.	O-eks*,	*t-nviiinac mgt. * bo"c.a..rr tll-i .114a;i..	.1aiinetratib-q 'ilio-athip-ited anchor- -. . ; O,theIeatti'-vnrt',, 4lfss ap.chot inlets tieing placed44rizoilt4ly ineta.0a,ted. tatialkes . EtAr-4altivi-ahould be purelyIt is TT7 aglistullalaa $111t*tais	posts be diagovilla- Jls.	.Olra 4le .o4k .-prat	.' 'S? brace intermediin'	Concrete)	 -	fits tad, x-papfera	lowt=he -gr oe.St&‘4mit'- &vref oot	 piers .-TheseOM' should rest onfrost line, or at 11* 18 inches below-2Al Ii »,. .J ,......The brick or stone piers should be well bonded with a goo dcement mortar . An anchor bolt of good size should be imbedded an ampl edepth in each pier, and of sufficient length to project through the sil land be provided with good sized washers and nuts, thereby firmly tyin gthe sill and foundation together .Continuous Concrete or Concrete Block Foundation .--Concrete blocks should be well bonded with a good cement mortar. The wall shoul dbe provided with sufficiently large anchor bolts, spaced not over 8 fee ton on centers, and extending at least 18 inches into the foundation . Thes ebolts should project through the sill and be provided with washers an dnuts . A bolt should be used at or near each corner and angle of the	1 : 7building. If the house is without basement, the walls should extend	• .below the frost line .FramingMembers .--Diagonal sheathing securely nailed to the sill	. I,' 'and wall plates is very effective in anchoring a building to its sill .Where diagonal sheathing is not used, each joist should be securely toe -nailed to the sill . Where platform construction is used, each stud shoul d' be securely toenailed to the plate . Obviously, for good construction all -.,r,While it cannot be definitely said that the adherence to th eforegoing principles of anchorage will in all cases prevent structura ldamage to flood-exposed buildings by dislodgment, the danger of suc hdamage occurring will be greatly reduced .parts must be securely fastened together .r _t

Behavior of frame construction in the 1937 Ohio River flood

https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/downloads/v692tb159

Behavior of frame construction in the 1937 Ohio River flood

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