(This article belongs to the Collection Encyclopedia of Fungi)ReviewFungi constitute a diverse group with highly positive and negative impacts in different
environments, having several natural roles and beneficial applications in human life, but also causing
several concerns. Fungi can affect human health directly, but also indirectly by being detrimental
for animal and plant health, influencing food safety and security. Climate changes are also affecting
fungal distribution, prevalence, and their impact on different settings. Searching for sustainable
solutions to deal with these issues is challenging due to the complex interactions among fungi and
agricultural and forestry plants, animal production, environment, and human and animal health. In
this way, the “One Health” approach may be useful to obtain some answers since it recognizes that
human health is closely connected to animal and plant health, as well as to the shared environment.
This review aims to explore and correlate each of those factors influencing human health in this “One
Health” perspective. Thus, the impact of fungi on plants, human, and animal health, and the role of
the environment as an influencing factor on these elements are discussed.FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., supported D.S. via a Ph.D. fellowship, UI/BD/154444/2022.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
