There has been little discussion of how and when to integrate wildlife science into ecological restoration projects. The recent
emergence of wetland ecosystem restoration offers an opportunity to use wildlife science to increase the probability of a project
being successful. This paper traces the evolution of wetland ecosystem restoration in North America and proposes three roles
for wildlife science in wetland ecosystem restoration: (1) contribute to conceptual ecosystem models, (2) develop quantitative
performance measures and restoration targets that track the progress of restoration, and (3) achieve social feasibility by sustaining
long-term public support for a project. The extensive knowledge base for many species of wildlife makes them especially useful
for contributing to conceptual ecosystem models. Wildlife species are often the subject of long-term monitoring and research
because they have commercial value, are conspicuous, or have aesthetic appeal. Wildlife parameters can be good performance
measures for large-scale restoration projects because some species integrate information over large spatial scales and are long-
lived. Parameters associated with threatened or endangered wildlife species should get special consideration as performance
measures because the information will meet multiple needs rather than just those of the conceptual ecosystem model. Finally,
wetland ecosystem restoration projects need to sustain funding over decades to ensure the restored system is self-sustaining.
Wildlife are a valued resource that can help achieve the social feasibility of a project by providing a way to communicate complex
science in terms that society understands and value