Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Abstract
The fitness rate is an important indicator for improving survival in the early stages of hatchling's life. This study aimed to determine the fitness rate of sea turtles based on the morphological profile and locomotor performance which includes crawling, self-righting, and swimming performance. The research method used is systematic literature reviews. We found 24 articles published during 2010-2020, which were accessed through Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Springer Link. The results showed that the factors that influence the morphological profile and locomotor performance are sun exposure (12.5%), nest temperature (33.3%); incubation technique (8.3%), sand grain size (8.3%). In addition, the morphological profile and locomotor performance were affected by phenotypic variations of 8.3% and 12.5%; parental origin and nest environment of 8.3% and 4.2%. Factors that only affect locomotor performances are release time and nest digging (4.2%), emergence order, sand temperature, emergence time, nest distance to the sea (4.2%), water temperature (8.3%). Nests that are slightly exposed to sunlight, optimal temperature (30 °C), use coastal hatchery incubation techniques, have a fine sand size (0.5-1 mm), and have phenotypic variations in the form of modal scute patterns produce hatchlings with carapace sizes bigger and greater locomotor performance. Furthermore, higher locomotor performance is obtained if the hatchlings are released immediately after emerge and immediately dug, first emerge hatchlings, have a sand temperature (<36 °C), time to leave the nest before 08.00, nest closer to the sea, warm water temperature (30 °C), and has good environmental conditions
