Spatial distribution of the snake genus Chironius in Bolivia

Abstract

The genus Chironius is a diurnal group of medium to large, terrestrial-arboreal, colubrid snakes distributed throughout Central and South America. The genus' broad Neotropical distribution and lack of current knowledge inspired this study. Currently, 10 species of Chironius occur within the geographic boundaries of Bolivia. An updated species distribution map (SDM) of four Bolivian Chironius species, specifically C. exoletus, C. flavolineatus, C. fuscus, and C. scurrulus, was made using data from the 2014-2019 Powell/Eversole Bolivian field expeditions and the information in published scientific papers and online databases (i.e., VertNet, ARCTOS, GBIF, speciesLink). ArcGIS software was used to develop the current range maps. Also, data layers (i.e., climate, vegetation, landcover) currently available for Bolivia were used to examine the relationships between ecological variables and distribution patterns. Using spatial analysis options in ArcGIS and overlaying the data points, patterns of clustering and habitat preference were identified in Chironius and analyzed for the four species listed above. In general, Chironius showed a preference to inhabit lowland tropical rainforests, humid montane forests, and savannas or open formations. This agrees with much of the literature. Specifics on climate, land cover, and vegetation for the species is also analyzed, and possible explanations are briefly explored. The increase in the populations of the major cities in different Departments of Bolivia is having a large effect on the habitats of Chironius and is more of a threat to wildlife than global warming currently. The limits and biases in the data due to poor sampling and incomplete records is noted

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