Association between modified Mediterranean- Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet score and sensorimotor polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes who have overweight or obesity in Kermanshah, Iran : a matched case-control study
In this study, we investigated the association between Diabetes Sensory-motor Polyneuropathy (DSPN) and the modified Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet score in Kermanshah which is a city in the west of Iran. Also, we investigated whether the association between DSPN and the odds of having a higher modified MIND diet score was modified by sex, age groups, BMI categories and a specific food item. In conclusion, in this case-control study, we found that there is a negative association between the modified MIND diet score and having DSPN in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) who are overweight or obese. Moreover, our findings indicated that this association was modified by age groups as it was stronger for those aged 50-60 years. Also, there was effect modification by a specific food item like refined grain or fruits or vegetables or chicken. The negative association between modified MIND diet scores and DSPN was not modified by gender and overweightness versus obesity. Dietary interventions are an attractive option to prevent or reduce the burden of DSPN in people with T2DM, given the relatively low cost and low risk, and the results of this study suggest that the modified MIND diet may be a promising option, which warrants further investigation in clinical trials in future. While the present investigation suggests a potential association between the modified MIND diet and DSPN, further research is warranted to establish a causal relationship and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether adhering to the modified MIND diet can prevent or alleviate DSPN and whether this effect is mediated by general health benefits. In addition, the impact of the modified MIND diet on different subtypes of DSPN, such as small fiber neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy, should be explored. Furthermore, given the heterogeneity of dietary habits and nutritional intakes across populations, it is important to investigate whether the modified MIND diet is equally effective in preventing DSPN in diverse populations and settings. Ultimately, a better understanding of the relationship between the modified MIND diet and DSPN can inform the design of future clinical trials which test tailored dietary interventions for patients at risk of or with existing DSPN and ultimately contribute to the management and prevention of this debilitating complication of diabetes
