User participation in IS implementation is a core topic for the IS community. While most of our current participation theories emerged in the 1990s and 2000s, recent developments such as the emergence of large half-built products and the increased emphasis on digital transformation necessitate revisiting current understanding of participation. User participation is not anymore about merely representing the organization\u27s domain knowledge - what we call representative participation. Users participating in modern IS implementation projects need to possess additional types of knowledge and skills. This includes knowledge about the products, knowledge about the intended transformation, and leadership skills, to name a few. We investigate this emerging type of user participation - what we call transformative participation through a case study of an IS implementation project within healthcare. We discuss the knowledge and skills needed to function as transformative users as well as the challenges faced by these users
