The current earth’s population of 7.6 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030. The increased population will need more food than it can currently produce. However, world agriculture is facing severe challenges such as global climate change, exhausted resources, reduction of arable lands and various pathogens. Advances in genomic technologies may offer potential solutions to these agricultural problems. New genomic technologies such as, Next generation sequencing (NGS), Ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq), Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat-Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9), Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENS) and Oligonucleotide‐directed mutagenesis (ODM) as well as doubled haploids, molecular markers and mapping populations have been developed and utilized for increasing the crop production. Together with the rapidly expanding availability of genome sequence data, these technologies have the potential to transform plant breeding
