Analysis of clinical characteristics of 25 patients with hypereosinophilia complicated with peripheral arterial occlusion

Abstract

Objective To improve the understanding of hypereosinophilia(HE) rarely complicated with peripheral arterial occlusion. Methods Among 555 inpatients with HE from Peking Union Medical College Hospital from April 2012 to October 2021, 25 cases complicated with peripheral artery occlusion were involved according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The initial clinical features, symptoms of arterial occlusion and organ involvement of the 25 patients were summarized. After age and gender matching, 34 HE patients without peripheral artery occlusion as the control group. Clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of the two groups were compared. Results All patients were male, with an average of (44.5±16.2) years old. The main involved arteries included ulnar artery, radial artery, tibial artery and peroneal artery. The IgA level and involvement of skin and peripheral nerves in the case group were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05). 76% and 80% of the patients in the case group received anticoagulant therapy or antiplatelet therapy, respectively, 20% received steroid pulse therapy and 64% received immunosuppressive therapy, above which were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05). As indicated by eosinophil level, 68% and 48% of patients in the two groups achieved complete remission, respectively. Conclusions The skin and peripheral nervous system are the most commonly involved organs in HE patients complicated with peripheral arterial occlusion, and administration of steroids and immunosuppressive medicines may lead to good prognosis