de Visscher, Sebastiaan

Kraeima, Joep

Witjes, Max

English

ARTS repository - University of Groningen

   University of GroningenThree-Dimensional Innovations in Personalized SurgeryKraeima, Joep; de Visscher, Sebastiaan; Witjes, MaxPublished in:Journal of personalized medicineDOI:10.3390/jpm13010113IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2023Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Kraeima, J., de Visscher, S., & Witjes, M. (2023). Three-Dimensional Innovations in Personalized Surgery.Journal of personalized medicine, 13(1), Article 113. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010113CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 01-02-2024Citation: Kraeima, J.; de Visscher, S.;Witjes, M. Three-DimensionalInnovations in Personalized Surgery.J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 113.https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010113Received: 22 November 2022Accepted: 30 November 2022Published: 4 January 2023Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.This article is an open access articledistributed under the terms andconditions of the Creative CommonsAttribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Journal ofPersonalized MedicineEditorialThree-Dimensional Innovations in Personalized SurgeryJoep Kraeima 1,2,* , Sebastiaan de Visscher 1 and Max Witjes 1,21 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical CenterGroningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands2 3D Lab, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen,The Netherlands* Correspondence: j.kraeima@umcg.nlDue to the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) technology in surgery, it has becomepossible to preoperatively plan complex bone resections and reconstructions, (correctionsand adjustments related to bones), from head to toe. Three-dimensional technology hasproven to be a valuable tool for the surgeon, especially when executing complex surgery inthe operating room, as crucial decision making with regard to resection margins, planningof osteotomies, screw, and dental implant location is predetermined by virtual planning [1].Dedicated 3D virtual surgical planning (VSP) software gives a detailed 3D virtualmodel of the patient based on CT and MRI scans or other imaging modalities, in order tomeasure, evaluate, simulate or correct parameters that are relevant to the treatment.This 3D VSP workflow has evolved from a supporting visualization and virtualmeasurement and evaluation tool to an integrated method that allows for complete pre-operative surgical decision making and designing patient specific implants (designed forsurgical procedures) [2].The use of 3D virtual planning, 3D printing of surgical aids (and parts), as well asnavigational technology, is associated with the adage ‘plan your operation and operate yourplan’ [1,3]. The increasing availability and useability of the 3D software and translationinstruments, such as 3D-printed guides, has led to the widespread use of some form of 3Dtechnology in healthcare. This has led to improvements in terms of accuracy, predictabilityand safety for both the surgeon and the patient.The Next StepThe workflow of 3D VSP and subsequent design of patient-specific implants (PSI)have evolved in recent years as a result of automation and developments in printing.Automation of the 3D VSP steps can be achieved (as reported in the literature) bymeans of new segmentation software tools, artificial intelligence applications and otherapplication-specific optimization methods. This leads to faster and less user-dependentpreparation of a 3D VSP [4].Recent developments in the field of 3D printing allow us to develop more complexdesigns of patient-specific implants, use different materials (for the implants) and optimizethe implants’ surface. Application of biomechanical models and finite element methods canpredict the behavior of, e.g., osteosynthesis plates or implants in a patient, and thereforecan be used to improve the design of osteosynthesis materials and implants. In search offurther optimization of the design of 3D VSP-based osteosynthesis materials and implants,the output of a FE model should be applied in the design process by means of a topologyoptimization (TO) process.This Special Issue, entitled ‘3D innovations in personalized surgery’, presents a seriesof highly innovative studies and reviews on bone-related applications of the latest 3Dtechnology. These applications include optimization of the 3D VSP, developments inpatient-specific biomechanical modeling, inclusion of motion (4D), implant optimizations,surgical navigation and post-operative evaluation of accuracy.J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 113. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010113 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jpmJ. Pers. Med. 2023, 13, 113 2 of 2Three-dimensional technology has become the standard-of-care and is expected tobring many more advantages for both the surgeon and the patient in the near future.Author Contributions: All authors have contributed to the writing and reviewing. All authors haveread and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.References1. Witjes, M.J.H.; Schepers, R.H.; Kraeima, J. Impact of 3D virtual planning on reconstruction of mandibular and maxillary surgicaldefects in head and neck oncology. Curr. Opin. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2018, 26, 108–114. [CrossRef] [PubMed]2. Kraeima, J. Three Dimensional Virtual Surgical Planning for Patient Specific Osteosynthesis and Devices in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.A New Era; Rijksuniversiteit Groningen: Groningen, Netherlands, 2007; Volume 3, pp. 154–196.3. Schelkun, S.R. Lessons from aviation safety: “plan your operation—And operate your plan!”. Patient Saf. Surg. 2014, 8, 154–196.[CrossRef] [PubMed]4. Qiu, B.; van der Wel, H.; Kraeima, J.; Glas, H.H.; Guo, J.; Borra, R.J.H.; Witjes, M.J.H.; van Ooijen, P.M.A. Automatic Segmentationof Mandible from Conventional Methods to Deep Learning—A Review. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 629. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individualauthor(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury topeople or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

Three-Dimensional Innovations in Personalized Surgery

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Three-Dimensional Innovations in Personalized Surgery

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