Mook, W.G.

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   University of GroningenGeochemistry of the stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of natural waters in the NetherlandsMook, W.G.IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:1968Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Mook, W. G. (1968). Geochemistry of the stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of natural waters in theNetherlands. s.n.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 01-02-2024sheEs: an wa~er a~d ocean er a fossil shell sh water contami­mperature of a the 0 e, to purely marine s available, the e conditions indi­cf the of the carbonate drnixture, and thus 11 or rather, each can be used for ls are found ori­ual average water itions, the inter-r'ine conditions. relation between of the ocean water This ~hesis deals with ~he in~erre:ation of the stable carbon and oxygen in the natural system: water car­bon dioxide - dissolved bicarbonate - solid carbona~e. A review is given of the fractionation factors for iso­betHeen the involved in the system mentioned above ( , the dif­ferent procedures are described by which the various materials invest are converted to carbon dioxide for mass spectro­metric is ( 3). The results are corrected for different types of errors and on the internation­?JB a~d SMOW ~cales (chapter 2). In the second part ( 4) the i ion of several kinds of natural waters is discussed. The seasonal variations in com:ent of ion ( 4.2) and the relation betHeen the 1 content of average annual tion in Groningen and other European stations (fig. 4.3) are explained on the basis of the Rayleigh condensation model. It is furtherr:1ore shown t::at rivers are also subject to seasonal variations, both in content of the dissolved bi­carbo~ate and in content of the Hater. In Hinter all riv­ers have abundances of carbon and oxygen similar to those of the ground Hater in the area. The higher 1 content in rain water rivers during summer . 4.5) is ex-the contribu~ion of enriched tat ion, Hhile the lower 1 content of the mel~ Hater rivers from early omlards, is attributed to an light contribution from the Swiss mountains. The higher 13C content of river water bicarbonate in summer . 4,6) is con­sidered to be due to Hith carbon dioxide of surface Hater draining into the rivers. 145 in the area invest ground water is found to have a rather constant and content; even when it is several thousand years old (table ~.1). T~is value is 1" •to tbat of t~e i:1 tbe 0_ maxu::um infiltration, i.e. autu~n and spr ~eviations are found to be due to aC::1ixture of sea water • 4.4), or river water infiltration. The 1 content of ground water bicarbonate s~ows a average value, which is the dis­solution oechanism of limestone in the soil by the action of carbon dioxide fro~ bumus decay and root • Devia­tions fro::! normal - caused by isotopic with soil car­bon dioxide, direct dissolution of lioestone by bumic acid or sea water infiltration - are observed and with some aspects of the chemical ion of the water 4.4). The resu:ts for North Sea water agree with earlier measurements on the open ocean. The 1 content of the sea water bicarbonate indicates a condition of carbon isotopic equilibrium Wlt:-: carbon dioxide. A to isotopic equilibrium of fresh water bicarbonate Hith the carbon dioxide in the air is also ob­served in a shalloH fresh water lake, the IJsselmeer (fig. 4.13) . Earlier measuremencs have showTl --:hat the content of brackish water is determined by the ratio of the fresh and sea water components, as is the chlorinity ( 4.8). The same result is obtained for the carbon in the dis­solved bicarbona--:e. On the basis of these , the rela­tion between --:he 13C and 1 content in an estuary can be pre­dic--:ed, if the isotopic composition and the dissolved carbon content of the unmixed components are known .9) • , is found have S) concer~ed ever; wher; it is i.s 1 is in ;:;rack (a) the ?eriod of maximum 3.:iO:1S are found 1:0 ), or river wa"':er ter bicarbona1:e In :he respecti've by the dis­ var::.a.-:10::S lD shell carbcnate and 1 by the action of t~:e 5.3) .. If the 6 1 relat , t:he 18 . Devia­ ic wi"'::h soil car­ ibrium ne by humic acid or wi~h D~re sea water ca~ deduced. The te::,perature derived Hi"'::h sorr.e tiOD, is estuaries a reaso~able average ~or water (Eg. The relatio:rls shells reflect:~ whe~ sisi extra­gree wi:h earlier sa:::e te::-,pera:u:::e ( 5 .:.;) • m:ent the sea it can be ccncluded "':hat the mclluscs: ~ytilus carbon  edulis and Cardiun it carbonate in equi­e. libriu::l wi t1-'. thei::: environment, a:ld that the difference in brium of fresh wa"'::er oarbo:l oxygen ion between carbona:e on air is also ob­ :he hand and water and dissolved bicarbonat on other IJsselmeer ( is determined solely ~e~pera~ure. From the 1 C and 18 contents of he shell carbana:e of the co.ntent 0:: your;g mussels collec:ed dur_ng the course of ane year on the ratia a:: the D'utch :Jor:h Sea .5), it is seen that the chlorinity ( 4.8). _6 18ion :he 6 1 relation, b the dis- temperatures for the . 5.6). the rela- The series of far c.eter::lie the terr.­estuary can be pre­ pera::::t:re mo~luscs cae a~sa be to e dissolved carbon fossi':' shells. :1 (f ig. 4. ). 147 relat tempey'a"tures of shells. 

Geochemistry of the stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of natural waters in the Netherlands

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Geochemistry of the stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of natural waters in the Netherlands

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