The aim of this paper is to evaluate the spatial diversity of rural communes in Poland from the point of view of their attractiveness for enterprise development. Empirical analyses were preceded with a comprehensive literature review and a study of available diagnostic tools. Based on their earlier experience, the authors decided to apply the conception of the synthetic measure of attractiveness for the purpose of an empirical study conducted with reference to time and space. The source material was selected information regarding rural communes in Poland, obtained from the Central Statistical Office (GUS), Local Data Bank. Empirical verification was based on the synthetic indexes of entrepreneurship (uiP) and rural commune attractiveness uiA. They were constructed using the non-model measure method, which is the arithmetical mean of normalized features. The results are presented in tables and on maps. Research results clearly indicate that the number of economic entities in rural communes has systematically been growing from year to year. A positive, statistically significant correlation of moderate power was found between the indicators. Also, a positive correlation (statistically significant and of moderate power) was found between commune attractiveness and the spatial distribution of the number of economic entities. Moreover, based on the regression model, it was ascertained that the number of economic entities is most strongly determined by factors such as migration balance, housing conditions and the percentage of budget expenditure on investment
