Art psychotherapy in children and adolescents

Abstract

Art terapija je disciplina unutar psihoterapije koja se razvila sredinom 20. stoljeća. Koristi umjetnički proces i umjetnička djela kao oblik komunikacije i izražavanja unutarnjih misli i osjećaja. Često je potrebno zaobići verbalnu komunikaciju kako bismo stupili u kontakt s pacijentom, a to upravo čini art terapija. Susreti se mogu odvijati jedan-na-jedan, mogu uključivati partnera ili obitelj ili se odvijati grupno. Kod interpretacije slika i crteža nastalih za vrijeme art terapije analiziramo odabir boje, kompoziciju te mnoge druge komponente, no ne smijemo isključiti pacijenta iz procesa interpretacije. On je jedini koji nam može točno objasniti što je htio izraziti vlastitom slikom. Art terapija je široko primjenjiva te se upotrebljava u sklopu psihoterapije svih uzrasta. Često se koristi u psihoterapiji djece jer djeca nemaju toliko izražene verbalne sposobnosti, no isto tako ima veliku ulogu kada je riječ o psihoterapiji adolescenata i odraslih. Kada pojedinac prolazi kroz teško životno razdoblje često traži odušak, a terapija umjetnošću pokazala se kao odličan ispušni ventil u stresnim situacijama. Cilj ovoga preglednog diplomskog rada jest prikazati najnovija istraživanja na temu art terapije u psihoterapiji djece i adolescenata, a metodologija korištena u radu uključuje pretraživanje baza podataka kao što su PubMed, Google Znalac i Web of Science.Art therapy is a discipline within psychotherapy that developed in the middle of the 20th century. It uses the artistic process and works of art as a form of communication and expression of inner thoughts and feelings. It is often necessary to bypass verbal communication in order to get in touch with the patient, and this is exactly what art therapy does. Meetings can be one-on-one, can involve a partner or family, or can take place in groups. When interpreting pictures and drawings created during art therapy, we analyze the choice of color, composition and many other components, but we must not exclude the patient from the interpretation process. He is the only one who can explain to us exactly what he wanted to express with his own image. Art therapy is widely applicable and is utilized as part of psychotherapy for all ages. It is often used in the psychotherapy of children because children do not have such developed verbal abilities, but it also plays a big role when it comes to the psychotherapy of adolescents and adults. When an individual is going through a difficult period in life, they often look for an outlet, and art therapy has proven to be an excellent form of release in stressful situations. The aim of this review thesis is to present the latest research on the topic of art therapy in the psychotherapy of children and adolescents, and the methodology used in the work includes searching databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science