Vienna : University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
Doi
Abstract
Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje soybean collection is a small, local collection consisted of
approximately 500 accessions from different regions of the world. Until now, there has been no
systematic and precise evaluation of samples in the collection, as well as the assessment of
genetic diversity. Genotype’s information is mainly limited to passport data, a description of
several morphological traits and yield data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of
phenotypic variation in collection on the sample of 90 accessions of different geographical origin.
Morphological description was performed by screening of 16 traits according to the UPOV
technical guideline for conducting of DUS tests in soybean. Diversity of morphological traits was
estimated by Shannon diversity index. Morphological similarity of genotypes was estimated by the
application of multivariate statistics models (analysis of homogeneity - HOMALS and cluster
analysis). HOMALS analysis revealed the descriptors of high discriminatory power, with the
greatest importance for genotype’s distinction: colour of the seed coat, intensity of pod colour,
pubescence colour, and to a lesser extent the growth type. Genotypes were divided into six
homogeneous and moderately separated groups with similar morphological profiles. Geographical
component of morphological variability, as well as pedigree-based grouping could not be observed
in pattern obtained by HOMALS. Cluster analysis showed a slightly different grouping model
compared to the HOMALS analysis. All genotypes were grouped according to the colour of flower
into two main clusters, and further into subgroups according to the type of growth and
pubescence colour. Genotype’s positioning in subclusters did not correspond to their geographical
origin. Consistency of clustering according to pedigree could be observed for individual pairs of
genotypes or a small number of groups within subclusters. Despite the satisfactory level of
morphological diversity of the collection revealed in the study, it is necessary to enrich the
collection with new sources of variation to ensure continued success in breeding
