We show that the guarded-negation fragment (GNFO) is, in a precise sense, the
smallest extension of the guarded fragment (GFO) with Craig interpolation. In
contrast, we show that the smallest extension of the two-variable fragment
(FO2), and of the forward fragment (FF) with Craig interpolation, is full
first-order logic. Similarly, we also show that all extensions of FO2 and of
the fluted fragment (FL) with Craig interpolation are undecidable.Comment: Submitted for FoSSaCS 2024. arXiv admin note: substantial text
overlap with arXiv:2304.0808