Konsep dan Tantangan Pengembangan Biorefinery

Abstract

There has been a definition and classification approach for biorefinery systems provided by an autonomous agency, IEA Bioenergy, Task Number 42. The definition is so far the most comprehensive and the classification has included four major features in biorefinery, i.e. platforms, products, raw materials and processes. It is envisaged that systematic guidance for developing sustainable biorefienies will be available. The current biorefinery development has been based on the need for the substitution of oil refinery products. Also, the development has been analogous to the oil refinery process development. However, the special characteristics of biomass have given some challenges to biorefinery synthesis. Some parameters are suggested to face the challenges in raw material and product selections, i.e. Chemical Value, Fuel Value, and Component Value, while process and process order selection can be assisted by technology platform and raw material mapping. There should be significant differences in process development for energy-driven biorefineries and material-driven biorefineries. The existence of biorefinery classification as well as some tools, i.e. mappings and relevant parameters, is expected to foster the development of sustainable biorefinery systems