A new genus and species of fossil Odonata, Chacayala campeona gen. et sp. nov., fromthe Eocene of Arroyo Chacay, Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina is described. Arroyo Chacay is theleast known locality of the Eocene Caldera Lake deposits of Northern Patagonia. The new genus isthe fourth in the family Frenguelliidae. Chacayala gen. nov. is characterized mainly by the shorterpostdiscoidal field in comparison with the other genera of the family.Fil: Petrulevicius, Julian Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleozoología Invertebrados; Argentin

Petrulevicius, Julian Fernando

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Life: The Excitement of Biology 10(2) ……….…….………....…….…….…….………….… 102  A New Genus of Frenguelliidae (Insecta: Odonata) from  Arroyo Chacay, Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina1  Julián F. Petrulevičius2  Abstract: A new genus and species of fossil Odonata, Chacayala campeona gen. et sp. nov., from the Eocene of Arroyo Chacay, Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina is described. Arroyo Chacay is the least known locality of the Eocene Caldera Lake deposits of Northern Patagonia. The new genus is the fourth in the family Frenguelliidae. Chacayala gen. nov. is characterized mainly by the shorter postdiscoidal field in comparison with the other genera of the family.   Key Words: Frenguelliidae, fossil, Odonata, Insecta, Arroyo Chacay, Eocene, Patagonia, Argentina   Introduction The Frenguelliidae Petrulevičius and Nel, 2003 is a family of Odonata only recorded from Patagonia, present in the lower Eocene (52 Ma) of Laguna del Hunco, middle Eocene (47 Ma) of Río Pichileufú, and Arroyo Chacay. Thus far, it consists of three genera and four species, namely Frenguellia patagonica Petrulevičius and Nel, 2003, F. iglesiasi Petrulevičius and Nel, 2013, Treintamilun vuelvenlucha Petrulevičius, 2017, and Nelala chori Petrulevičius, 2019. The new finding is an incomplete forewing of a single specimen coming from the Patagonian locality of Arroyo Chacay, Río Negro, Argentina. The locality belongs to the volcanic caldera complex composed also by Laguna del Hunco and Río Pichileufú, and thus could be considered a priori Eocene in age (Petrulevičius 2019). These other two neighbouring localities are relatively well surveyed and show high diversity of plants (Wilf et al. 2003, Wilf, 2012) and, among insects, representatives of the order Odonata (Petrulevičius and Nel, 2003, 2005; Petrulevičius, 2013, 2015, 2017a-b, 2018, 2019).  Methods  The fossil is housed at the Museo Asociación Paleontológica Bariloche (repository prefix MAPBAR), San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina. In this work, I follow the wing venation nomenclature of Kukalová-Peck (1983), amended by Kukalová-Peck (1991, 2009), also contributions by Riek and Kukalová-Peck (1984), Nel et al. (1993), Bechly (1996), as well as Petrulevičius  1 Received on December 9, 2022. Accepted on December 15, 2022. Last revisions received on December 19, 2022. 2 CONICET – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and FCNyM-UNLP – División Paleozoología Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Paseo del Bosque, s/n. La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: levicius@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar .  DOI:10.9784/LEB10(2) Petrulevicius.01 Electronically available on December 19, 2022. Mailed on December 28, 2022. Life: The Excitement of Biology 10(2) ……….…….………....…….…….…….………….… 103  and Gutiérrez (2016). The specimen was drawn with a camera lucida and photographed with a digital camera (DMC5400) both attached to a Leica M205C stereomicroscope.   Systematic Palaeontology  Order Odonata Fabricius, 1793 Family Frenguelliidae Petrulevičius and Nel, 2003 Genus Chacayala gen. nov.  Figures 1 and 2  Type species. Chacayala campeona sp. nov. by present designation. Etymology. For the locality Arroyo Chacay, and the Latin word ala, meaning wing. Chacay means shrub with spines in Mapudungun.  Diagnosis. (1) terminal kink of CP in a slightly distal position to nodal crossvein; (2) two rows of cells between CuA and posterior wing margin; (3) strongly curved MP after its origin at distal angle of the discoidal cell; (4) special cell between MA and MP and distal to discoidal cell. The cell is bigger than in other frenguelliids, but strongly irregular, trapezoidal in shape; (5) four cells at postdiscoidal field between MA and MP and basal to subnodus; (6) RP3+4 arise one and a half cell distal to discoidal cell. Character (1) is shared with Treintamilun Petrulevičius, 2017 and Nelala Petrulevičius, 2019. Character (2) is shared with Frenguellia Petrulevičius and Nel, 2003 and Nelala. Characters (3) and (4) are shared with Nelala. Characters (5) and (6) are unique to the new genus.  Chacayala campeona sp. nov.  Type material. Holotype MAPBAR 4141, Museo Asociación Paleontológica Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina. Etymology. Campeona means champion in Spanish. Dedicated to Argentina, Champion of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. To the Scaloneta (current men’s national football team), its 26 players and its coaching staff, especially Lionel Messi and Lionel Scaloni, and to the Argentinian people that waited 36 years to win again and for the third time the Football World Cup. Diagnosis. As for the genus (vide supra). Type locality and horizon. Arroyo Chacay, province of Río Negro, Patagonia, Argentina, palaeolatitude ~46°S.    Life: The Excitement of Biology 10(2) ……….…….………....…….…….…….………….… 104                           Figure 1. Photograph of Chacayala campeona gen. et sp. nov. Holotype MAPBAR 4141 from Arroyo Chacay (Río Negro, Argentina). Eocene. A. Species habitus. Scale bar = 2 mm. B. Detail of discoidal cell. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. C. Detail of nodus. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.  Figure 2. Line drawing of Chacayala campeona gen. et sp. nov. Holotype MAPBAR 4141 from Arroyo Chacay (Río Negro, Argentina), Eocene. Scale bar = 2 mm.  A B C Life: The Excitement of Biology 10(2) ……….…….………....…….…….…….………….… 105  Description. An incomplete forewing; preserved part 15.2 mm long, 6.4 mm wide; distance between arculus and nodus 4.5 mm; nodus basally recessed; Ax2 aligned to arculus; discoidal cell (DC) basally closed, oblique, very narrow, anterior side (MA) 0.2 mm long, distal side 1 mm long, basal side 0.3 mm long, posterior side 1.2 mm long; no antesubnodal crossveins; arculus short; RP get free in the arculus base; base of RP3+4 lying between arculus and nodus, one cell and a half (2.1 mm) basal to subnodus, and one cell and a half (2.1 mm) distal to discoidal cell; base of IR2 below subnodus; nodal crossvein vertical just distal to point of fusion of ScP with costal margin; subnodus vertical; posterior bent of CP not aligned with nodal crossvein but in a slightly distal position, at fusion point between ScP and costal margin; six postnodal crossveins preserved between ScP and RA, at least four of them aligned with postsubnodal ones; cubito-anal area with two rows of cells between CuA and posterior wing margin four cells distal to discoidal cell; postdiscoidal area with a large and irregular quadrangular cell just distal to discoidal cell, and only one row of cells (distally narrowed); four cells in postdiscoidal area from discoidal cell to subnodus; area between RP1 and IR1 with one row of broad cells; CuA distally zigzagged.  Discussion The specimen could be included into the Frenguelliidae, a family present in the palaeoentomofauna of Arroyo Chacay, because of the following characters: terminal kink of CP very weak, not aligned with nodal crossvein, but distal; nodal furrow reduced; ScP reaching costal margin very obliquely at nodus; nodal crossvein vertical; subnodus vertical; midfork symmetrical and recessed basally to a position between 12–26% of wing length; discoidal cell oblique and very narrow in forewing; all secondary antenodal crossveins between ScP and RA suppressed; antesubnodal space without crossveins; cubito-anal area broad; nodus in basal third of wing.  The specimen could not be included into Frenguellia because of its terminal kink of CP in a slightly distal position to nodal crossvein (contra a very distal position). The specimen could not be included into Treintamilun by having only two rows of cells between CuA and the posterior wing margin (contra three).The specimen could not be included into the genus Nelala because it presents a forewing discoidal cell “normally” oblique (as in Frenguellia) (contra nearly vertical). The new species could be considered as a new genus by having unique characters within the family, i.e., four cells at the postdiscoidal field between MA and MP and a RP3+4 arising one and a half cell distal to the discoidal cell.  Acknowledgements  Funding support for the fieldtrip and lab studies came from grants: SECyT N875 from the National University of La Plata (UNLP), PIP 1539 from the National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET); FONCyT PICT-2020-2550 from the National Agency for Promotion of Research, Technological Development, and Innovation of Argentina (Agencia I+D+i); and DEB-1556666 from the National Science Foundation of USA (NSF). Thanks are also due to four anonymous reviewers that provided valuable recommendations.  Life: The Excitement of Biology 10(2) ……….…….………....…….…….…….………….… 106  Literature Cited Bechly, G. 1996. Morphologische Untersuchungen am Flügelgeäder der rezenten Libellen und deren Stammgruppenvertreter (Insecta; Pterygota; Odonata), unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Phylogenetischen Systematik und des Grundplanes der Odonata. Petalura. Special Volume 2. 402 pp.  Kukalová-Peck, J. 1983. Origin of the insect wing and wing articulation from the arthropodan leg. Canadian Journal of Zoology 61:1618–1669. https://doi.org/10.1139/z83-217  Kukalová-Peck, J. 1991. Fossil history and the evolution of hexapod structures. pp. 141-179. In, Naumann, I. D. (Editor). The Insects of Australia: A Textbook for Students and Research Workers. Volume 1. Second Edition. Melbourne University Press. Melbourne, Australia. 1137 pp. (in two volumes). Petrulevičius, J. F. 2013. 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A new genus of Frenguelliidae (Insecta: Odonata) from Arroyo Chacay, Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina

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A new genus of Frenguelliidae (Insecta: Odonata) from Arroyo Chacay, Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina

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